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AAL                  Afroasiastic Linguistics

AAS                  Les annales archéologiques de Syria

AASOR             Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research

ÄAT                 Ägypten und Altes Testament

ABD                 Anchor Bible Dictionary (ed. D. N. Freedman; six vols.; Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1992)

ABL                 Harry Frank & Roger Boraas, Atlas of the Bible Lands  (Maplewood: Hammond, 1990 – revised edition).

ABN                 Abr-Nahrain: An Annual Published by the Department of Middle Eastern Studies, University of Melbourne

ABNSupp        Abr-Nahrain Supplement Series

AcOr                Acta Orientalia

AEO                 Ancient Egyptian Onomastica I – II

AFLC                Annali della facoltà di lettere, filosofia della Università di Cagliari. Nuova seria

AfO                  Archiv für Orientforschung

ÄgLev             Ägypten und Levante: Zeitschrift für agyptische Archäologie und deren Nachbargebiete

AION               Annali dell’istituto orientale di Napoli

AJA                  American Journal of Archaeology

AJBA                Australian Journal of Biblical Archaeology

AJSL                 American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures (now JNES)

ÄL                    Ägypten und Levant / Egypt and the Levant

ALASP             Abhandlungen zur Literatur Alt-Syrien-Palästinas und Mesopotamiens

AnBib              Analecta Biblica

ANEP               Ancient Near Eastern Texts in Pictures Relating to the Old Testament

ANES               Ancient Near Eastern Studies: an Annual Published by the School of Fine Arts, Classical Studies and Archaeology, University of Melbourne

ANET               Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament (ed. J. B. Pritchard; third ed.; Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969).

AnOr               Analecta Orientalis

AOAT              Alter Orient und Altes Testament

AOATS            Alter Orient und Altes Testament. Sonderreihe

AOS                 American Oriental Society

ARAB               D.D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylon (2 volumes Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1926-1927)

ARCE               American Research Center in Egypt

ArOr                Archiv orientální

AS                    Assyriological Studies

ASAE               Annales du service des antiquités de l'Égypte (Cairo)

ASNP               Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Classe di lettere, storia e filosofia

ASOR               American Schools of Oriental Research

ATSAT            Arbeiten zu Text und Sprache im Alten Testament

AuOr               Aula Orientalis

AUSS               Andrews University Seminary Studies

BA                   Biblical Archaeologist (now Near Eastern Archaeology)

BAR                 Biblical Archaeology Review

BASOR             Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research

BeO                 Bibbia e oriente

BES                 Bulletin of the Egyptian Seminar

Bib                   Biblica

BibetOr           Biblica et orientalia

BIFAO              Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale (Cairo)

BiOr                Bibliotheca Orientalis

BJPES              Bulletin of the Jewish Palestine Exploration Society

BN                   Biblische Notizen

BO                   Bibliotheca Orientalis

BR                   Biblical Research

BSOAS             Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies

BSOS               Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies

BW                  Biblical World

BZ                    Biblische Zeitschrift

BZAW              Beiheft zur ZAW

CAD                 The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (eds. I. Gelb, et. al.: Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1956 to present)

CahRB             Cahiers de la Revue biblique

CANE               Civilizations of the Ancient Near East

CAT                 M. Dietrich, O. Loretz and J. Sanmartín, ed. The Cuneiform Alphabetic Texts from Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani and Other Places (KTU: second enlarged edition) (ALASP 8; Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 1997)

CBQ                 Catholic Biblical Quarterly

CBQMS            Catholic Biblical Quarterly Monograph Series

Cd’É                 Chronique d'Égypte

CDME              R.O. Faulkner, Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1962)

CHD                 The Hittite Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (1980- )

ConBOT          Coniectanea biblica, Old Testament

CRAI                Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. Comptes rendus des séances de l'anneé

CRAIBL            Comptes rendus de l’Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres

CRIPEL            Cahiers de recherches de l’institut de Papyrologie et d’Égyptologie de Lille

CTA                 A. Herdner, Corpus des tablettes en cunéiforms alphabétiques découvertes à Ras Shamra-Ugarit de 1929 à 1939 (MRS 10; Paris: Imprimerie Nationale/Geuthner, 1963)

DE                   Discussions in Egyptology (Oxford)

Did                   Didaskalia

DJD                  Discoveries in the Judean Desert

DLE                 Leonard H. Lesko, A Dictionary of Late Egyptian 5 volumes (Berkeley: BC Scribe, 1982-1990)

DMOA              Documenta et Monumenta Orientis Antiqui. Studies in Near Eastern Archaeology and Civilisation

DSD                 Dead Sea Discoveries

DtrH                Deuteronomistic History or Historian

EA                   El-Amarna = Amarna Letters

EEF                 Egypt Exploration Fund

EES                  Egypt Exploration Society

EncJud            Encyclopedia Judaica (Jerusalem: Keter, 1971)

ErIs                 Eretz Israel

ETL                  Ephemerides theologicae Lovaniensis

FAT                 Forschungen zum Alten Testament

FRLANT         Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen Testaments

GLECS             Comptes rendus du Groupe Linguistique d’Études Chamito-Sémitiques

GM                   Göttinger Miszellen

HAB                 The Harper Atlas of the Bible (Ed. J.B. Pritchard; New York, Harper & Row, 1987)

HAR                 Hebrew Annual Review

HdO                 Handbuch der Orientalistik

HS                   Hebrew Studies

HSAO              Heidelberger Studien zum Alten Orient

HSM                Harvard Semitic Monograph

HSS                 Harvard Semitic Studies

HTR                 Harvard Theological Review

HUCA              Hebrew Union College Annual

IAAR                Israel Antiquities Authority Reports

IDB                  Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible 4 volumes & supplement (Ed. G.A. Buttrick; Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1962 & 1976)

IDBS                Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible, Supplementary Volume (ed. K. Crim et al.; Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 1976)

IEJ                   Israel Exploration Journal

IFAO                Institut français d'archéologie orientale

IOS                  Israel Oriental Studies

Iran                 Iran: Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies

Iraq                 Iraq: Publication of the British School of Archaeology in Iraq

ISBE                International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (Ed. G.W. Bromiley: Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979-1988)

JA                     Journal asiatique

JAL                   Journal of Afroasiatic Linguistics

JANER             Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions

JANES              Journal of the Ancient Near East Society of Columbia University

JAOS                Journal of the American Oriental Society

JARCE              Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt

JBL                  Journal of Biblical Literature

JBLMS             Journal of Biblical Literature Monograph Series

JBQ                  Jewish Bible Quarterly

JCS                   Journal of Cuneiform Studies

JDS                  Judean Desert Studies

JEA                  Journal of Egyptian Archaeology

JEOL                Jaarbericht van het Vooraziatisch-Egyptisch Gezelschap (Genootschap) <<Ex Oriente Lux>>

JETS                Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society

JJS                    Journal of Jewish Studies

JNES                Journal of Near Eastern Studies (formerly AJSL)

JNSL                Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages

JPOS                Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society

JQR                  Jewish Quarterly Review

JRAS                Journal of the Royal Asiastic Society

JSem                Journal for Semitics/Tydskrif vir Semitistiek

JSJ                    Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic and Roman Periods

JSOR                Journal of the Society of Oriental Research

JSOT                Journal for the Study of the Old Testament

JSOTSup         Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, Supplement Series

JSS                   Journal of Semitic Studies

JSSEA              Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities

JTC                  Journal for Theology and the Church

JTS                   Journal of Theological Studies

KB                   Ludwig Koehler & Walter Baumgartner, Lexicon in Veteris Testamenti Libros  (Leiden: Brill, 1985).

KRI                  Kenneth Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions, Historical and Biographical 7 Volumes (Oxford: Blackwell, 1968- )

KTU                 M. Dietrich, O. Loretz and J. Sanmartín, Die keilalphabetischen Texte aus Ugarit: Einschliesslich der keilalphabetischen Texte ausserhalb Ugarits. Teil 1. Transkription (AOAT 24/1; Kevelaer: Verlag Butzon & Bercker; Neukirchen Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1976; second edition, 1997 = CAT, above)

LANG               Language: Journal of the Linguistic Society of America

LAPO               Littératures anciennnes du Proche-Orient

LEM                 Alan H. Gardiner, Late Egyptian Miscellanies  (Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca; Brussels: Édition de la Fondation Égyptologique Reine Elizabeth, 1937).

Les.                  Kurt Sethe, Aegyptische Lesestücke zum Gebrauch in akademischen Unterricht (Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs’sche, 1928).

Lesh                 Leshonenu

LOAPL                        Langues orientales anciennes, philologie et linguistique

LXX                 Septuagint (Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible)

MAARAV          Maarav: Journal for the Study of Northwest Semitic Languages and Literature

MAEA              Melanges d'archéologie égyptienne et assyrienne

MANE              Monographs on the Ancient Near East

MARI               Mari: Annales des recherches interdisciplinaires

MBA                Yohanan Aharoni & Michael Avi-Yonah, The MacmillanBible Atlas  (New York: Macmillan, 1977 – revised edition).

MDOG              Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft

MGWJ              Monatsschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums

MIFAO             Memoires de l'institut français d'archéologie Orientale

MMJ                Metropolitan Museum Journal

MRS                Mission de Ras Shamra

MT                  Masoretic Text

MUSJ               Mélanges de la faculté orientale. Université Saint-Joseph

NABU              N.A.B.U. Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires

NBD                New Bible Dictionary  (Ed. J.D. Douglas; Downers Grove/Leister: InterVarsity Press, 1982 – revised edition)

NEA                 Near Eastern Archaeology (formerly Biblical Archaeologist)

NEAEHL          New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land 4 Volumes (Ed. Ephriam Stern; New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993).

NUS                 Newsletter for Ugaritic Studies

OBA                 Herbert G. May, Oxford Bible Atlas  (London/New York:  Oxford University Press, 1974).

OBO                 Orbis biblicus et orientalis

OIAR                Oriental Institute Annual Report

OIN                  Oriental Institute Newsletter

OLA                 Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta

OLP                 Orientalia Lovaniensia Periodica

OLZ                  Orientalistiche Literaturzeitung

Or                    Orientalia

OrAnt              Oriens Antiquus

OrSu                Orientalia Suecana

OTS                 Oudtestamentische Studiën

PdO                 Parole de l'Orient

PEQ                 Palestine Exploration Quarterly

PIHANS           Publications de l'Institut historique-archéologique néerlandaise de Stamboul

PRU                 Palais royal d’Ugarit

PSBA               Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology

RA                    Revue assyriologie et d’archéologie orientale

RB                   Revue biblique

RBL                 Review of Biblical Literature

RdQ                 Revue de Qumran

RIH                  Ras ibn Hani (excavation number)

RITA                K.A. Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions Translated and Annotated: Notes and Comments  7 Volumes (Oxford: Blackwell, 1993-).

RivB                 Rivista biblica

RS                    Ras Shamra (excavation number)

RSO                 Ras Shamra – Ougarit

RSO                 Rivista degli studi orientali

SAK                 Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur

SBLDS             Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation Series

SBLMS            Society of Biblical Literature Monograph Series

SBLSBS           Society of Biblical Literature Sources for Biblical Study

SBLWAW        Society of Biblical Literature Writings from the Ancient World

SCCNH            Studies on the Civilization and Culture of Nuzi and the Hurrians

Sef                   Sefarad

SEL                  Studi epigrafici e linguistici sul Vicino Oriente Antico

Sem                 Semitica

SJOT                Scandanavian Journal of Old Testament

SJOT                Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament

SMEA              Studi micenei ed egeo-anatolici

SSN                 Studia Semitica Neerlandica

STDJ                Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah

StP                  Studia Pohl

Syria                Syria: Revue d'art oriental et d'archéologie

TA                    Tel Aviv

TB                   Tyndale Bulletin (Cambridge)

TDOT               Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (Eds. G.J. Botterweck & Helmer Ringgren; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1974-)

TLZ                  Theologische Zeitschrift

Topoi               Topoi Orient-Occident

TUAT               Texte aus der Umwelt des Alten Testament

TZ                    Theologische Zeitschrift

UBL                 Ugaritische-Biblische Literatur

UF                    Ugarit-Forschungen

Urk. I               Kurt Sethe, Urkunden des Alten Reich (Leipzig: Hinrichs’sche, 1933)

Urk. IV            Kurt Sethe, Urkunden der 18. Dynastie 4 volumes (Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1961).   

UT                   C. H. Gordon, Ugaritic Textbook (AnOr 38; Rome: Pontifical Biblical Institute, 1965; fourth ed., 1998)

VA                    Varia Aegyptiaca (San Antonio)

VT                    Vetus Testamentum

VTS                  Vetus Testamentum Supplements

VTSup             Vetus Testamentum Supplements

Wb                   Adolf Erman & Hermann Grapow, Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache 5 volumes (Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs’sche, 1926-1931).

WMANT          Wissenschaftliche Monographien zum Alten und Neuen Testaments

WO                  Welt des Orients

WZKM             Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes

ZA                    Zeitschrift für Assyriologie

ZAH                 Zeitschrift für Althebraistik

ZAR                  Zeitschrift für altorientalische und biblische Rechtsgeschichte

ZÄS                  Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde

ZAW                Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft

ZDMG              Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft

ZDPV               Zeitschrift des deutschen Palästina-Vereins

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