Feb 14 2006

1 Samuel 3:11-14

Published by Hardy at 6:56 am under Grammar, Samuel

ַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל הִנֵּ֧ה אָנֹכִ֛י עֹשֶׂ֥ה דָבָ֖ר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֲשֶׁר֙ כָּל־שֹׁ֣מְע֔וֹ תְּצִלֶּ֖ינָה שְׁתֵּ֥י אָזְנָֽיו׃ 12 בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ אָקִ֣ים אֶל־עֵלִ֔י אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי אֶל־בֵּית֑וֹ הָחֵ֖ל וְכַלֵּֽה׃ 13 וְהִגַּ֣דְתִּי ל֔וֹ כִּֽי־שֹׁפֵ֥ט אֲנִ֛י אֶת־בֵּית֖וֹ עַד־עוֹלָ֑ם בַּעֲוֹ֣ן אֲשֶׁר־יָדַ֗ע כִּֽי־מְקַֽלְלִ֤ים לָהֶם֙ בָּנָ֔יו וְלֹ֥א כִהָ֖ה בָּֽם׃ 14 וְלָכֵ֥ן נִשְׁבַּ֖עְתִּי לְבֵ֣ית עֵלִ֑י אִֽם־יִתְכַּפֵּ֞ר עֲוֹ֧ן בֵּית־עֵלִ֛י בְּזֶ֥בַח וּבְמִנְחָ֖ה עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃

Vocabulary

Verse 11

            צלל  verb (Hiphil imperfect 3fpl): “tingle (quiver)” (BDB, 852)

Syntax & Miscellaneous

  • The semantic domain of the word דבר ranges from “word” to “thing” or “matter;” the latter use is in view here.
  • The word, שֹׁ֣מְע֔וֹ, is a substantive participle.
  • The form of שׁנים is a dual construct.  The dual is used normally with things that come in pairs, i.e. eyes, ears, hands, etc.

Vocabulary

Verse 12

            חלל  verb (Hiphil): “beginning”

            כלה  verb (Piel): “end”      

Verse 13

            נגד  verb (Hiphil): “tell, declare”

            כהה  verb (Piel): “rebuke” (BDB, 462)

Verse 14

            כפר  verb (Hithpael imperfect 3ms): “make atonement for”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 12

  • The phrase, הָחֵ֖ל וְכַלֵּֽה “from beginning to end,” can be understood as an adverbial clause of manner or attendant circumstances (GKC 113h).

Verse 13

  • The clause, שֹׁפֵ֥ט אֲנִ֛י אֶת־בֵּית֖וֹ, is periphrastic (no copula).

Verse 14

  • The oath formula with אִם is understood negatively as “surely not.”

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