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 וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה כָּכָה יֹאכְלוּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת־לַחְמָם טָמֵא בַּגּוֹיִם אֲשֶׁר אַדִּיחֵם שָׁם׃ 14 וָאֹמַר אֲהָהּ אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה הִנֵּה נַפְשִׁי לֹא מְטֻמָּאָה וּנְבֵלָה וּטְרֵפָה לֹא־אָכַלְתִּי מִנְּעוּרַי וְעַד־עַתָּה וְלֹא־בָא בְּפִי בְּשַׂר פִּגּוּל׃ ס          15 וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלַי רְאֵה נָתַתִּי לְךָ אֶת־[צְפוּעֵי] הַבָּקָר תַּחַת גֶּלְלֵי הָאָדָם וְעָשִׂיתָ אֶת־לַחְמְךָ עֲלֵיהֶם׃ ס          16 וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלַי בֶּן־אָדָם הִנְנִי שֹׁבֵר מַטֵּה־לֶחֶם בִּירוּשָׁלִַם וְאָכְלוּ־לֶחֶם בְּמִשְׁקָל וּבִדְאָגָה וּמַיִם בִּמְשׂוּרָה וּבְשִׁמָּמוֹן יִשְׁתּוּ׃ 17 לְמַעַן יַחְסְרוּ לֶחֶם וָמָיִם וְנָשַׁמּוּ אִישׁ וְאָחִיו וְנָמַקּוּ בַּעֲוֹנָם׃ פ

Vocabulary

Verse 13

            ככה  “thus” (BDB, 462)

            טמא  “unclean”

            נדח  verb (Hiphil): “thrust out, banish” (BDB, 623)

Syntax & Miscellaneous

• The relative particle, אשׁר, points to a syntactic value within the relative clause.  In this case it corresponds to the place of banishment, i.e. “where.”

Vocabulary

Verse 14

            אההּ  “Alas” (BDB, 13)

            נבלה  “carcass” (BDB, 615)

טרפה  “animal torn” (BDB, 383)

            נעורים  “youth” (BDB, 655)

            פגול  “waste, refuse” (BDB, 803)

Verse 15

            צפוע  “dung” (BDB, 861)

            גל  “dung” (BDB, 165)

Verse 16

            משׁקל  “weight” (BDB, 1054)

            דאגה  “anxiety” (BDB, 178)

            משורה  “measure” (BDB, 601)

            שׁממון  noun: “horror” (BDB, 1031)

Verse 17

            חסר  verb: “lack, need” (BDB, 341)

            שׁמם  verb (Niphal): “be appalled”

            מקק  verb: “pine away” (BDB, 596)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 14

• The particle, אֲהָהּ, marks a vocative noun phrase.  It may be accompanied by a name (Lord God: Joshua 7:7, Judges 6:22, 2 Kings 6:15, Jeremiah 1:6, 4:10, 14:13, 32:17, Ezekiel 9:8, 11:13, 21:5), title (my master: 2 Kings 6:5; my daughter: Judges 11:35) or by itself (2 Kings 3:10, Joel 1:15).
• The compound direct object of the second clause is נְבֵלָה וּטְרֵפָה.

Verse 15

• Qere: צְפִיעֵי.
• The prepositional object, עֲלֵיהֶם “over them,” is plural because its referent is plural, גֶּלְלֵי הָאָדָם  “human dung(s)”.
• One has to ask whether or not animal dung is more clean than human feces (Deut. 23:14).

Verse 16

·        The noun phrase, מַטֵּה־לֶחֶם, is used five times several of which are found in the Book of Ezekiel (Lev. 26:26; Ps. 105:16; Ezek. 4:16, 5:16, 14:13).  The parallel usage (cf. Ps 105:16; Ezekiel 14:13) indicates that the idiom, “breaking the staff of bread,” refers to famine.

Verse 17

• The three clauses together are connected by the sequenced waw-consecutive perfects and are the result (לְמַעַן) of Israel’s rebellion.

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