Jan 25 2006

Exodus 3:15-22

Published by Hardy at 9:29 am under Exodus

 וַיֹּאמֶר עוֹד אֱלֹהִים אֶל־מֹשֶׁה כֹּה־תֹאמַר אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹתֵיכֶם אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם אֱלֹהֵי יִצְחָק וֵאלֹהֵי יַעֲקֹב שְׁלָחַנִי אֲלֵיכֶם זֶה־שְּׁמִי לְעֹלָם וְזֶה זִכְרִי לְדֹר דֹּר׃ 16 לֵךְ וְאָסַפְתָּ אֶת־זִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹתֵיכֶם נִרְאָה אֵלַי אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיַעֲקֹב לֵאמֹר פָּקֹד פָּקַדְתִּי אֶתְכֶם וְאֶת־הֶעָשׂוּי לָכֶם בְּמִצְרָיִם׃ 17 וָאֹמַר אַעֲלֶה אֶתְכֶם מֵעֳנִי מִצְרַיִם אֶל־אֶרֶץ הַכְּנַעֲנִי וְהַחִתִּי וְהָאֱמֹרִי וְהַפְּרִזִּי וְהַחִוִּי וְהַיְבוּסִי אֶל־אֶרֶץ זָבַת חָלָב וּדְבָשׁ׃ 18 וְשָׁמְעוּ לְקֹלֶךָ וּבָאתָ אַתָּה וְזִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶל־מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם וַאֲמַרְתֶּם אֵלָיו יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי הָעִבְרִיִּים נִקְרָה עָלֵינוּ וְעַתָּה נֵלֲכָה־נָּא דֶּרֶךְ שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים בַּמִּדְבָּר וְנִזְבְּחָה לַיהוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ׃ 19 וַאֲנִי יָדַעְתִּי כִּי לֹא־יִתֵּן אֶתְכֶם מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם לַהֲלֹךְ וְלֹא בְּיָד חֲזָקָה׃ 20 וְשָׁלַחְתִּי אֶת־יָדִי וְהִכֵּיתִי אֶת־מִצְרַיִם בְּכֹל נִפְלְאֹתַי אֲשֶׁר אֶעֱשֶׂה בְּקִרְבּוֹ וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵן יְשַׁלַּח אֶתְכֶם׃ 21 וְנָתַתִּי אֶת־חֵן הָעָם־הַזֶּה בְּעֵינֵי מִצְרָיִם וְהָיָה כִּי תֵלֵכוּן לֹא תֵלְכוּ רֵיקָם׃ 22 וְשָׁאֲלָה אִשָּׁה מִשְּׁכֶנְתָּהּ וּמִגָּרַת בֵּיתָהּ כְּלֵי־כֶסֶף וּכְלֵי זָהָב וּשְׂמָלֹת וְשַׂמְתֶּם עַל־בְּנֵיכֶם וְעַל־בְּנֹתֵיכֶם וְנִצַּלְתֶּם אֶת־מִצְרָיִם׃

Vocabulary

Verse 15

            זכר  “memorial” (BDB, 271)

Syntax & Miscellaneous

  •  The final two clauses are ideal examples of Hebrew parallelism.  Notice the parallel sentence structure (verbless clause typology: S—P—M) and the synonyms, “eternity” and “generation to generation.”

זֶה־שְּׁמִי לְעֹלָם

 וְזֶה זִכְרִי לְדֹר דֹּר

 

Vocabulary

Verse 16

            פקד  verb: “visit, care about”

Verse 17

            כנעני  name: “Canaanite”

            חתי  name: “Hittite”

            אמרי  name: “Amorite”

            פרזי  name: “Perizzite”

            חוי  name: “Hivite”

            יבוסי  name: “Jebusite”

            עני  “affliction” (BDB, 777)

            זוב  verb: “flow” (BDB, 264)

            חלב  “milk” (BDB, 316)

            דבשׁ  “honey”

Verse 18

            קרה  verb: “encounter” (BDB, 899)

Verse 20

            נפלאות  “wonderful acts” (BDB, 810)

Verse 21

            ריקם  “emptily, empty-handed” (BDB, 938)

Verse 22

            שׁכן  “neighbor” (BDB, 1015)

            גור  verb (Qal participle): “sojourning”

            שמלה  “clothes” (BDB, 971)

            נצל  verb: “plunder”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 16

  • The first word is לֵךְ which is easily confused for the lamed preposition with 2nd person pronoun.  Differentiate these forms by examining the vowel pointing carefully.  The 2ms suffix with the lamed preposition would be pointed shewa-qames (לְךָ), and the 2fs suffix would be qames-shewa (לָךְ).  The imperative form of הלך “go” is distinguished by the “i-class” vowel (i.e. sere or segol) with the lamed.
  • The waw-consecutive perfect, וְאָסַפְתָּ, continues the imperative mood of the previous verb.
  • The noun phrase, אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹתֵיכֶם, is in apposition to the divine name.
  • Sequencing in Hebrew, as in English, can repeat the conjunctive (e.g. Bob and Mary and Sue) or place it on the third element of a list (e.g. Bob, Mary and Sue).  The later use is found in this verse, אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיַעֲקֹב.
  • Infinitive absolute plus finite verb marks an intensification of the verbal action.
  • The final clause has a double object: אֶתְכֶם וְאֶת־הֶעָשׂוּי לָכֶם.
  • The beth preposition, בְּמִצְרָיִם, is instrumental, “by.”

Verse 17

  • The first two verbs are 1cs,  וָאֹמַר אַעֲלֶה.
  • The gentilic ending, כנעני, can refer to either the people or the land.
  • The list of nationalities demonstrates the first type of sequencing found in the comment above: וְהַחִתִּי וְהָאֱמֹרִי וְהַפְּרִזִּי וְהַחִוִּי וְהַיְבוּסִי.

Verse 18

  • The noun phrase, אַתָּה וְזִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל, is the compound subject of the verb, וּבָאתָ; the elders are included even though the verb is 2ms.  Notice the number of the following verb, וַאֲמַרְתֶּם, is plural.

Verse 19

  • The verb, נתן, can mean “permit” or “grant” especially when sequenced with a lamed.

Verse 20

  • The verb, הִכֵּיתִי, comes from the doubly weak root, נכה “smite.”

Verse 22

  • The participle, וּמִגָּרַת, is a substantive.

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Jan 25 2006

Exodus 3:15-22

Published by Hardy at 9:29 am under Exodus

 וַיֹּאמֶר עוֹד אֱלֹהִים אֶל־מֹשֶׁה כֹּה־תֹאמַר אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹתֵיכֶם אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם אֱלֹהֵי יִצְחָק וֵאלֹהֵי יַעֲקֹב שְׁלָחַנִי אֲלֵיכֶם זֶה־שְּׁמִי לְעֹלָם וְזֶה זִכְרִי לְדֹר דֹּר׃ 16 לֵךְ וְאָסַפְתָּ אֶת־זִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹתֵיכֶם נִרְאָה אֵלַי אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיַעֲקֹב לֵאמֹר פָּקֹד פָּקַדְתִּי אֶתְכֶם וְאֶת־הֶעָשׂוּי לָכֶם בְּמִצְרָיִם׃ 17 וָאֹמַר אַעֲלֶה אֶתְכֶם מֵעֳנִי מִצְרַיִם אֶל־אֶרֶץ הַכְּנַעֲנִי וְהַחִתִּי וְהָאֱמֹרִי וְהַפְּרִזִּי וְהַחִוִּי וְהַיְבוּסִי אֶל־אֶרֶץ זָבַת חָלָב וּדְבָשׁ׃ 18 וְשָׁמְעוּ לְקֹלֶךָ וּבָאתָ אַתָּה וְזִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶל־מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם וַאֲמַרְתֶּם אֵלָיו יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי הָעִבְרִיִּים נִקְרָה עָלֵינוּ וְעַתָּה נֵלֲכָה־נָּא דֶּרֶךְ שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים בַּמִּדְבָּר וְנִזְבְּחָה לַיהוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ׃ 19 וַאֲנִי יָדַעְתִּי כִּי לֹא־יִתֵּן אֶתְכֶם מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם לַהֲלֹךְ וְלֹא בְּיָד חֲזָקָה׃ 20 וְשָׁלַחְתִּי אֶת־יָדִי וְהִכֵּיתִי אֶת־מִצְרַיִם בְּכֹל נִפְלְאֹתַי אֲשֶׁר אֶעֱשֶׂה בְּקִרְבּוֹ וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵן יְשַׁלַּח אֶתְכֶם׃ 21 וְנָתַתִּי אֶת־חֵן הָעָם־הַזֶּה בְּעֵינֵי מִצְרָיִם וְהָיָה כִּי תֵלֵכוּן לֹא תֵלְכוּ רֵיקָם׃ 22 וְשָׁאֲלָה אִשָּׁה מִשְּׁכֶנְתָּהּ וּמִגָּרַת בֵּיתָהּ כְּלֵי־כֶסֶף וּכְלֵי זָהָב וּשְׂמָלֹת וְשַׂמְתֶּם עַל־בְּנֵיכֶם וְעַל־בְּנֹתֵיכֶם וְנִצַּלְתֶּם אֶת־מִצְרָיִם׃

Vocabulary

Verse 15

            זכר  “memorial” (BDB, 271)

Syntax & Miscellaneous

  •  The final two clauses are ideal examples of Hebrew parallelism.  Notice the parallel sentence structure (verbless clause typology: S—P—M) and the synonyms, “eternity” and “generation to generation.”

זֶה־שְּׁמִי לְעֹלָם

 וְזֶה זִכְרִי לְדֹר דֹּר

 

Vocabulary

Verse 16

            פקד  verb: “visit, care about”

Verse 17

            כנעני  name: “Canaanite”

            חתי  name: “Hittite”

            אמרי  name: “Amorite”

            פרזי  name: “Perizzite”

            חוי  name: “Hivite”

            יבוסי  name: “Jebusite”

            עני  “affliction” (BDB, 777)

            זוב  verb: “flow” (BDB, 264)

            חלב  “milk” (BDB, 316)

            דבשׁ  “honey”

Verse 18

            קרה  verb: “encounter” (BDB, 899)

Verse 20

            נפלאות  “wonderful acts” (BDB, 810)

Verse 21

            ריקם  “emptily, empty-handed” (BDB, 938)

Verse 22

            שׁכן  “neighbor” (BDB, 1015)

            גור  verb (Qal participle): “sojourning”

            שמלה  “clothes” (BDB, 971)

            נצל  verb: “plunder”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 16

  • The first word is לֵךְ which is easily confused for the lamed preposition with 2nd person pronoun.  Differentiate these forms by examining the vowel pointing carefully.  The 2ms suffix with the lamed preposition would be pointed shewa-qames (לְךָ), and the 2fs suffix would be qames-shewa (לָךְ).  The imperative form of הלך “go” is distinguished by the “i-class” vowel (i.e. sere or segol) with the lamed.
  • The waw-consecutive perfect, וְאָסַפְתָּ, continues the imperative mood of the previous verb.
  • The noun phrase, אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹתֵיכֶם, is in apposition to the divine name.
  • Sequencing in Hebrew, as in English, can repeat the conjunctive (e.g. Bob and Mary and Sue) or place it on the third element of a list (e.g. Bob, Mary and Sue).  The later use is found in this verse, אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיַעֲקֹב.
  • Infinitive absolute plus finite verb marks an intensification of the verbal action.
  • The final clause has a double object: אֶתְכֶם וְאֶת־הֶעָשׂוּי לָכֶם.
  • The beth preposition, בְּמִצְרָיִם, is instrumental, “by.”

Verse 17

  • The first two verbs are 1cs,  וָאֹמַר אַעֲלֶה.
  • The gentilic ending, כנעני, can refer to either the people or the land.
  • The list of nationalities demonstrates the first type of sequencing found in the comment above: וְהַחִתִּי וְהָאֱמֹרִי וְהַפְּרִזִּי וְהַחִוִּי וְהַיְבוּסִי.

Verse 18

  • The noun phrase, אַתָּה וְזִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל, is the compound subject of the verb, וּבָאתָ; the elders are included even though the verb is 2ms.  Notice the number of the following verb, וַאֲמַרְתֶּם, is plural.

Verse 19

  • The verb, נתן, can mean “permit” or “grant” especially when sequenced with a lamed.

Verse 20

  • The verb, הִכֵּיתִי, comes from the doubly weak root, נכה “smite.”

Verse 22

  • The participle, וּמִגָּרַת, is a substantive.

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