DailyHebrew.com

 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙ עֵלִ֔י עַד־מָתַ֖י תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִ֑ין הָסִ֥ירִי אֶת־יֵינֵ֖ךְ מֵעָלָֽיִךְ׃ 15 וַתַּ֨עַן חַנָּ֤ה וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אֲדֹנִ֔י אִשָּׁ֤ה קְשַׁת־ר֙וּחַ֙ אָנֹ֔כִי וְיַ֥יִן וְשֵׁכָ֖ר לֹ֣א שָׁתִ֑יתִי וָאֶשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ אֶת־נַפְשִׁ֖י לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ 16 אַל־תִּתֵּן֙ אֶת־אֲמָ֣תְךָ֔ לִפְנֵ֖י בַּת־בְּלִיָּ֑עַל כִּֽי־מֵרֹ֥ב שִׂיחִ֛י וְכַעְסִ֖י דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי עַד־הֵֽנָּה׃ 17 וַיַּ֧עַן עֵלִ֛י וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לְכִ֣י לְשָׁל֑וֹם וֵאלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִתֵּן֙ אֶת־שֵׁ֣לָתֵ֔ךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁאַ֖לְתְּ מֵעִמּֽוֹ׃ 18 וַתֹּ֕אמֶר תִּמְצָ֧א שִׁפְחָתְךָ֛ חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָ וַתֵּ֨לֶךְ הָאִשָּׁ֤ה לְדַרְכָּהּ֙ וַתֹּאכַ֔ל וּפָנֶ֥יהָ לֹא־הָיוּ־לָ֖הּ עֽוֹד׃ 19 וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ בַבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיָּשֻׁ֛בוּ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל־בֵּיתָ֖ם הָרָמָ֑תָה וַיֵּ֤דַע אֶלְקָנָה֙ אֶת־חַנָּ֣ה אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ וַיִּֽזְכְּרֶ֖הָ יְהוָֽה׃

Vocabulary

Verse 14

עַד־מָתַ֖י  interrogative (idiom): “when?” (BDB, 607)

השׁתכר  verb: “make oneself drunk” (BDB, 1016)

יין   noun: “wine”

Verse 15

ענה  verb: “answer”

קְשַׁת  noun: “severe” (BDB, 904)

שׁכר  noun: “strong (alcoholic) drink” (BDB, 1016)

שׁפך  verb: “pour out”

Syntax & Miscellaneous

• There are two idioms in verse 14.  First, עַד־מָתַ֖י literally would mean “how long?”  Secondly, the prepositional phrase, מֵעָלָֽיִךְ, combined with the verb gives: “Remove your wine from upon you(rself).”  The contemporary colloquialism would be: “Stop drinking so much wine,” or the like.
• The construct relationship in verse 15, קְשַׁת־ר֙וּחַ֙, can be rendered with a normal English adjective-noun: “severe spirit.”
• The noun, אֲדֹנִ֔י, is functioning as a vocative of address: “Oh Lord.”
• In the second clause of Hannah’s quotation, fronting is used with the compound direct object, וְיַ֥יִן וְשֵׁכָ֖ר.

Verse 16

אמת  noun: “handmaid, female servant”

בליעל  “worthlessness” (BDB, 116)

שׂיח  “trouble, anxiety” (BDB, 967)

כעס  “grief, vexation” (BDB, 495)

הנה  “hither” (BDB, 244)

Verse 17

שׁלה  noun: “request” (BDB, 982)

שׁאל  verb: “ask”

Verse  18

שׁפחה  noun: “maid, female servant”

Verse 19

שׁכם  verb: “arose”

השׁתחוה  verb: “worship, bow down”

רמת   name (of place): “Ramath”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 16

• The negation, אַל, is only used with jussive (i.e. modal) verbs.  The negation of “normal” (non-modal, finite) verbs is לֹא.

Verse 17

• Notice the difference in the idiom, לְכִ֣י לְשָׁלֹ֑ום “Go to peace.”

Verse 18

• Idiom: וּפָנֶ֥יהָ לֹא־הָיוּ־לָ֖הּ עֹֽוד “She was no longer sad.”

Verse 19

• The phrase, אֶל־בֵּיתָ֖ם הָרָמָ֑תָה “to their house at Ramath,” is not understood as a construct relationship.  The he attached to the place name, Ramath, is a “directional he” (or “he local”) that is used “commonly to express direction towards an object, or motion to a placer” similar to the Latin accusative of “motion to a place, as in Romam profectus est, domum reverti, rus ire” (GKC, §90-2a).

Trackback URI |

 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙ עֵלִ֔י עַד־מָתַ֖י תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִ֑ין הָסִ֥ירִי אֶת־יֵינֵ֖ךְ מֵעָלָֽיִךְ׃ 15 וַתַּ֨עַן חַנָּ֤ה וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אֲדֹנִ֔י אִשָּׁ֤ה קְשַׁת־ר֙וּחַ֙ אָנֹ֔כִי וְיַ֥יִן וְשֵׁכָ֖ר לֹ֣א שָׁתִ֑יתִי וָאֶשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ אֶת־נַפְשִׁ֖י לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ 16 אַל־תִּתֵּן֙ אֶת־אֲמָ֣תְךָ֔ לִפְנֵ֖י בַּת־בְּלִיָּ֑עַל כִּֽי־מֵרֹ֥ב שִׂיחִ֛י וְכַעְסִ֖י דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי עַד־הֵֽנָּה׃ 17 וַיַּ֧עַן עֵלִ֛י וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לְכִ֣י לְשָׁל֑וֹם וֵאלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִתֵּן֙ אֶת־שֵׁ֣לָתֵ֔ךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁאַ֖לְתְּ מֵעִמּֽוֹ׃ 18 וַתֹּ֕אמֶר תִּמְצָ֧א שִׁפְחָתְךָ֛ חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָ וַתֵּ֨לֶךְ הָאִשָּׁ֤ה לְדַרְכָּהּ֙ וַתֹּאכַ֔ל וּפָנֶ֥יהָ לֹא־הָיוּ־לָ֖הּ עֽוֹד׃ 19 וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ בַבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיָּשֻׁ֛בוּ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל־בֵּיתָ֖ם הָרָמָ֑תָה וַיֵּ֤דַע אֶלְקָנָה֙ אֶת־חַנָּ֣ה אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ וַיִּֽזְכְּרֶ֖הָ יְהוָֽה׃

Vocabulary

Verse 14

עַד־מָתַ֖י  interrogative (idiom): “when?” (BDB, 607)

השׁתכר  verb: “make oneself drunk” (BDB, 1016)

יין   noun: “wine”

Verse 15

ענה  verb: “answer”

קְשַׁת  noun: “severe” (BDB, 904)

שׁכר  noun: “strong (alcoholic) drink” (BDB, 1016)

שׁפך  verb: “pour out”

Syntax & Miscellaneous

• There are two idioms in verse 14.  First, עַד־מָתַ֖י literally would mean “how long?”  Secondly, the prepositional phrase, מֵעָלָֽיִךְ, combined with the verb gives: “Remove your wine from upon you(rself).”  The contemporary colloquialism would be: “Stop drinking so much wine,” or the like.
• The construct relationship in verse 15, קְשַׁת־ר֙וּחַ֙, can be rendered with a normal English adjective-noun: “severe spirit.”
• The noun, אֲדֹנִ֔י, is functioning as a vocative of address: “Oh Lord.”
• In the second clause of Hannah’s quotation, fronting is used with the compound direct object, וְיַ֥יִן וְשֵׁכָ֖ר.

Verse 16

אמת  noun: “handmaid, female servant”

בליעל  “worthlessness” (BDB, 116)

שׂיח  “trouble, anxiety” (BDB, 967)

כעס  “grief, vexation” (BDB, 495)

הנה  “hither” (BDB, 244)

Verse 17

שׁלה  noun: “request” (BDB, 982)

שׁאל  verb: “ask”

Verse  18

שׁפחה  noun: “maid, female servant”

Verse 19

שׁכם  verb: “arose”

השׁתחוה  verb: “worship, bow down”

רמת   name (of place): “Ramath”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 16

• The negation, אַל, is only used with jussive (i.e. modal) verbs.  The negation of “normal” (non-modal, finite) verbs is לֹא.

Verse 17

• Notice the difference in the idiom, לְכִ֣י לְשָׁלֹ֑ום “Go to peace.”

Verse 18

• Idiom: וּפָנֶ֥יהָ לֹא־הָיוּ־לָ֖הּ עֹֽוד “She was no longer sad.”

Verse 19

• The phrase, אֶל־בֵּיתָ֖ם הָרָמָ֑תָה “to their house at Ramath,” is not understood as a construct relationship.  The he attached to the place name, Ramath, is a “directional he” (or “he local”) that is used “commonly to express direction towards an object, or motion to a placer” similar to the Latin accusative of “motion to a place, as in Romam profectus est, domum reverti, rus ire” (GKC, §90-2a).

Trackback URI |