וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָבָ֖ן לְיַעֲקֹ֑ב הִנֵּ֣ה׀ הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֗ה וְהִנֵּה֙ הַמַצֵּבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָרִ֖יתִי בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ׃ 52 עֵ֚ד הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה וְעֵדָ֖ה הַמַּצֵּבָ֑ה אִם־אָ֗נִי לֹֽא־אֶֽעֱבֹ֤ר אֵלֶ֨יךָ֙ אֶת־הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה וְאִם־אַ֠תָּה לֹא־תַעֲבֹ֨ר אֵלַ֜י אֶת־הַגַּ֥ל הַזֶּ֛ה וְאֶת־הַמַּצֵּבָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לְרָעָֽה׃ 53 אֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וֵֽאלֹהֵ֤י נָחוֹר֙ יִשְׁפְּט֣וּ בֵינֵ֔ינוּ אֱלֹהֵ֖י אֲבִיהֶ֑ם וַיִּשָּׁבַ֣ע יַעֲקֹ֔ב בְּפַ֖חַד אָבִ֥יו יִצְחָֽק׃ 54 וַיִּזְבַּ֨ח יַעֲקֹ֥ב זֶ֨בַח֙ בָּהָ֔ר וַיִּקְרָ֥א לְאֶחָ֖יו לֶאֱכָל־לָ֑חֶם וַיֹּ֣אכְלוּ לֶ֔חֶם וַיָּלִ֖ינוּ בָּהָֽר׃

Vocabulary

Verse 51

            גל noun: "heap (of stone), pile" (BDB, 164)

            מצבה noun: "stone pillar" (BDB, 663)

            ירה verb: "throw; heap" (BDB, 434)

Verse 52

            עדה noun: "testimony, witness" (BDB, 729)

Verse 53

            נחוד name: "Nahor" (BDB, 637)

            פחד noun: "dread, fear" (BDB, 808)

Verse 54

            לין verb: "lodge; spend the night" (BDB, 533)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 51

• Clause Structure 1 (וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָבָ֖ן לְיַעֲקֹ֑ב הִנֵּ֣ה׀ הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֗ה וְהִנֵּה֙ הַמַצֵּבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָרִ֖יתִי בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ): V-S-M-O
• Embedded Structure A (הִנֵּ֣ה׀ הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֗ה): P-S
• Embedded Structure B (וְהִנֵּה֙ הַמַצֵּבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָרִ֖יתִי בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ): P-S
• Embedded Structure i (יָרִ֖יתִי בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ): V-M

Verse 52

• Embedded Structure C (עֵ֚ד הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה): P-S
• Embedded Structure D (וְעֵדָ֖ה הַמַּצֵּבָ֑ה): P-S
• Embedded Structure E (אִם־אָ֗נִי לֹֽא־אֶֽעֱבֹ֤ר אֵלֶ֨יךָ֙ אֶת־הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה): S-V-M-O
• The negative conditional (GKC 149c) is introduced by the particle and the independent personal pronoun.
• Embedded Structure F (וְאִם־אַ֠תָּה לֹא־תַעֲבֹ֨ר אֵלַ֜י אֶת־הַגַּ֥ל הַזֶּ֛ה וְאֶת־הַמַּצֵּבָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לְרָעָֽה): S-V-M-O-M
• GKC 167b suggests that this structure is an example of anacoluthon.

Verse 53

• Embedded Structure G (אֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וֵֽאלֹהֵ֤י נָחוֹר֙ יִשְׁפְּט֣וּ בֵינֵ֔ינוּ אֱלֹהֵ֖י אֲבִיהֶ֑ם): V-M-S
• The initial elements are right dislocated and explanative of whom is the god(s) of their father.  See GKC 145i on the plural usage of אלהים.
• Clause Structure 1 (וַיִּשָּׁבַ֣ע יַעֲקֹ֔ב בְּפַ֖חַד אָבִ֥יו יִצְחָֽק): V-S-M
• The lexeme פחד has also been interpreted as meaning 'kinsmen' based on a proposed Ugaritic cognate (see verse 42).

Verse 54

• Clause Structure 1 (וַיִּזְבַּ֨ח יַעֲקֹ֥ב זֶ֨בַח֙ בָּהָ֔ר): V-S-O-M
• The adverbial modifier has a spatial sense, "on the mountain" (W-O 11.2.5a).
• Clause Structure 2 (וַיִּקְרָ֥א לְאֶחָ֖יו לֶאֱכָל־לָ֑חֶם): V-M
• Clause Structure 3 (וַיֹּ֣אכְלוּ לֶ֔חֶם): V-O
• Clause Structure 4 (וַיָּלִ֖ינוּ בָּהָֽר): V-M

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וַיִּקְרָא־לוֹ֣ לָבָ֔ן יְגַ֖ר שָׂהֲדוּתָ֑א וְיַֽעֲקֹ֔ב קָ֥רָא לוֹ֖ גַּלְעֵֽד׃ 48 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָבָ֔ן הַגַּ֨ל הַזֶּ֥ה עֵ֛ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינְךָ֖ הַיּ֑וֹם עַל־כֵּ֥ן קָרָֽא־שְׁמֹ֖ו גַּלְעֵֽד׃ 49 וְהַמִּצְפָּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֔ר יִ֥צֶף יְהוָ֖ה בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵינֶ֑ךָ כִּ֥י נִסָּתֵ֖ר אִ֥ישׁ מֵרֵעֵֽהוּ׃ 50 אִם־תְּעַנֶּ֣ה אֶת־בְּנֹתַ֗י וְאִם־תִּקַּ֤ח נָשִׁים֙ עַל־בְּנֹתַ֔י אֵ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ עִמָּ֑נוּ רְאֵ֕ה אֱלֹהִ֥ים עֵ֖ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ׃

Vocabulary

Verse 47

            יגר noun: "heap (of stones)" (BDB, 1094)

            שֹהרותא noun (Aramaic): "witness, testimony" (BDB, 1113)

            גלעד name: "Galeed" (BDB, 165)

Verse 48

            גל noun: "heap (of stones), pile" (BDB, 164)

Verse 49

            מצפה name: "Mizpah (or watchtower)" (BDB, 859)

            צפה verb: "keep watch" (BDB, 859)

            סתר verb (Niphal imperfect 1cpl): "hide (oneself); concealed" (BDB, 711)

Verse 50

            ענה verb (Piel imperfect 2ms): "afflict, mistreat" (BDB, 776)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 47

• Clause Structure 1 (וַיִּקְרָא־לוֹ֣ לָבָ֔ן יְגַ֖ר שָׂהֲדוּתָ֑א): V-M-S-O
• This parallel naming formula, the first in Aramaic and the second Hebrew, is unique in the Torah.  Notice the clear Aramaic characteristics including vocabulary, reduction patterns, the nominal ending, and the enclitic article.
• Clause Structure 2 (וְיַֽעֲקֹ֔ב קָ֥רָא לוֹ֖ גַּלְעֵֽד): S-V-M-O
• The Hebrew compound, גלעד, is a calque of the Aramaic name: 'heap of witness'.

Verse 48-50

• Clause Structure 1 (וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָבָ֔ן הַגַּ֨ל הַזֶּ֥ה עֵ֛ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינְךָ֖ הַיּ֑וֹם): V-S-O
• Embedded Structure A (הַגַּ֨ל הַזֶּ֥ה עֵ֛ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינְךָ֖ הַיּ֑וֹם): S-P-M
• The adnominal demonstrative in Hebrew agrees with the head noun in person, number, and definiteness.
• Clause Structure 2 (עַל־כֵּ֥ן קָרָֽא־שְׁמֹ֖ו גַּלְעֵֽד וְהַמִּצְפָּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֔ר יִ֥צֶף יְהוָ֖ה בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵינֶ֑ךָ כִּ֥י נִסָּתֵ֖ר אִ֥ישׁ מֵרֵעֵֽהוּ): V-O-O
• Embedded Structure A (אָמַ֔ר יִ֥צֶף יְהוָ֖ה בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵינֶ֑ךָ כִּ֥י נִסָּתֵ֖ר אִ֥ישׁ מֵרֵעֵֽהוּ אִם־תְּעַנֶּ֣ה אֶת־בְּנֹתַ֗י וְאִם־תִּקַּ֤ח נָשִׁים֙ עַל־בְּנֹתַ֔י אֵ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ עִמָּ֑נוּ רְאֵ֕ה אֱלֹהִ֥ים עֵ֖ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ): V-O
• Some grammarians suggest that אשׁר may have a weak causal sense and function as a conjunction (J-M 170e; GKC 158b).
• Embedded Structure i (יִ֥צֶף יְהוָ֖ה בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵינֶ֑ךָ): V-S-M
• Embedded Structure ii (כִּ֥י נִסָּתֵ֖ר אִ֥ישׁ מֵרֵעֵֽהוּ): V-M
• The person shift in this clause from first person (verb) to third (suffix) may be a way of weakening the form of address.
• Embedded Structure iii (אִם־תְּעַנֶּ֣ה אֶת־בְּנֹתַ֗י): V-O
• Embedded Structure iv (וְאִם־תִּקַּ֤ח נָשִׁים֙ עַל־בְּנֹתַ֔י): V-O-M
• The preposition על here connotes the idea of "in addition to" (GKC 119aa n. 2).
• Embedded Structure v (אֵ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ עִמָּ֑נוּ): S-P
• The particle אין may be a simple negative or the non-existence particle.
• This clause functions as a parenthetical "(even though) no one is with us."
• Embedded Structure vi (רְאֵ֕ה אֱלֹהִ֥ים עֵ֖ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ): V-S-M
• This imperative clause is the apodosis of the double protasis (iii and iv, above).  See GKC 159q-t for similar sentence structures.
• J-M 105d suggests the imperative is used as an interjection introducing an S-P clause (see a similar use of the imperative in verse 44).  Alternatively, it could be read as a true command with אלהים as a vocative.

וַיַּ֨עַן לָבָ֜ן וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶֽל־יַעֲקֹ֗ב הַבָּנ֨וֹת בְּנֹתַ֜י וְהַבָּנִ֤ים בָּנַי֙ וְהַצֹּ֣אן צֹאנִ֔י וְכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה רֹאֶ֖ה לִי־ה֑וּא וְלִבְנֹתַ֞י מָֽה־אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֤ה לָאֵ֨לֶּה֙ הַיּ֔וֹם א֥וֹ לִבְנֵיהֶ֖ן אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָלָֽדוּ׃ 44 וְעַתָּ֗ה לְכָ֛ה נִכְרְתָ֥ה בְרִ֖ית אֲנִ֣י וָאָ֑תָּה וְהָיָ֥ה לְעֵ֖ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ׃ וַיִּקַּ֥ח יַעֲקֹ֖ב אָ֑בֶן וַיְרִימֶ֖הָ מַצֵּבָֽה׃ 45 וַיִּקַּ֥ח יַעֲקֹ֖ב אָ֑בֶן וַיְרִימֶ֖הָ מַצֵּבָֽה׃ 46 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יַעֲקֹ֤ב לְאֶחָיו֙ לִקְט֣וּ אֲבָנִ֔ים וַיִּקְח֥וּ אֲבָנִ֖ים וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־גָ֑ל וַיֹּ֥אכְלוּ שָׁ֖ם עַל־הַגָּֽל׃

Vocabulary

Verse 44

            עד noun: "witness"

Verse 45

            מצבה noun: "stone pillar" (BDB, 663)

Verse 46

            לקט verb: "glean, pick" (BDB, 544)

            גל noun: "heap (of stones), pile" (BDB, 164)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 43

• Clause Structure 1 (וַיַּ֨עַן לָבָ֜ן): V-S
• Clause Structure 2 (וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶֽל־יַעֲקֹ֗ב הַבָּנ֨וֹת בְּנֹתַ֜י וְהַבָּנִ֤ים בָּנַי֙ וְהַצֹּ֣אן צֹאנִ֔י וְכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה רֹאֶ֖ה לִי־ה֑וּא וְלִבְנֹתַ֞י מָֽה־אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֤ה לָאֵ֨לֶּה֙ הַיּ֔וֹם א֥וֹ לִבְנֵיהֶ֖ן אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָלָֽדוּ): V-M-O
• Embedded Structure A (הַבָּנ֨וֹת בְּנֹתַ֜י): S-P
• Embedded Structure B (וְהַבָּנִ֤ים בָּנַי֙): S-P
• Embedded Structure C (וְהַצֹּ֣אן צֹאנִ֔י): S-P
• Embedded Structure D (וְכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה רֹאֶ֖ה לִי־ה֑וּא): P-S
• This clause is analyzed as having a dislocated subject referent (or casus pendens) with the basic clause לי הוא "it belongs to me" (J-M 154i).
• Embedded Structure i (אַתָּ֥ה רֹאֶ֖ה): S-V
• Embedded Structure E (וְלִבְנֹתַ֞י מָֽה־אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֤ה לָאֵ֨לֶּה֙ הַיּ֔וֹם): M-O-V-M
• Both אלה and בנתי are coreferential.
• Embedded Structure F (א֥וֹ לִבְנֵיהֶ֖ן אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָלָֽדוּ): M-[O-V]
• The object and verb, מה אעשֹה, are gapped from the previous clause.
• Embedded Structure i (יָלָֽדוּ): V

Verse 44

• Clause Structure 1 (וְעַתָּ֗ה לְכָ֛ה): M-V
• The imperative, לכה, is used as an interjection "come on", "come now" or the like (J-M 105e, GKC 120g; see GKC 69x on the form).
• Clause Structure 2 (נִכְרְתָ֥ה בְרִ֖ית אֲנִ֣י וָאָ֑תָּה): V-O
• The verb is a marked cohortative (J-M 119j)
• The phrase, אני ואתה, is "left" dislocated explicating who the subject is.
• Clause Structure 3 (וְהָיָ֥ה לְעֵ֖ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ): V-M
• The והיה verb continues the modal nuance of the previous clause, "may it serve as a witness" (lit. "may it be for a witness"; see GKC 120g).

Verse 45

• Clause Structure 1 (וַיִּקַּ֥ח יַעֲקֹ֖ב אָ֑בֶן): V-S-O
• The final word of the clause is the pausal form of אֶבֶן .
• Clause Structure 2 (וַיְרִימֶ֖הָ מַצֵּבָֽה): V-O-O
• The transitive verb, רום, in the Hiphil (Causative) stem becomes doubly transitive (i.e. it takes two objects).  See J-M 125w and GKC 117ii.

Verse 46

• Clause Structure 1 (וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יַעֲקֹ֤ב לְאֶחָיו֙ לִקְט֣וּ אֲבָנִ֔ים): V-S-M-O
• Embedded Structure A (לִקְט֣וּ אֲבָנִ֔ים): V-O
• This clause is imperatival followed by indicative clauses.
• Clause Structure 2 (וַיִּקְח֥וּ אֲבָנִ֖ים): V-O
• The expected dagesh with certain consonants including ק may not be present when followed by a reduced vowel (cf. verse 45, clause 1).
• Clause Structure 3 (וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־גָ֑ל): V-O
• Clause Structure 4 (וַיֹּ֥אכְלוּ שָׁ֖ם עַל־הַגָּֽל): V-M

הָיִ֧יתִי בַיּ֛וֹם אֲכָלַ֥נִי חֹ֖רֶב וְקֶ֣רַח בַּלָּ֑יְלָה וַתִּדַּ֥ד שְׁנָתִ֖י מֵֽעֵינָֽי׃ 41 זֶה־לִּ֞י עֶשְׂרִ֣ים שָׁנָה֮ בְּבֵיתֶךָ֒ עֲבַדְתִּ֜יךָ אַרְבַּֽע־עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה שָׁנָה֙ בִּשְׁתֵּ֣י בְנֹתֶ֔יךָ וְשֵׁ֥שׁ שָׁנִ֖ים בְּצֹאנֶ֑ךָ וַתַּחֲלֵ֥ף אֶת־מַשְׂכֻּרְתִּ֖י עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת מֹנִֽים׃ 42 לוּלֵ֡י אֱלֹהֵ֣י אָבִי֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וּפַ֤חַד יִצְחָק֙ הָ֣יָה לִ֔י כִּ֥י עַתָּ֖ה רֵיקָ֣ם שִׁלַּחְתָּ֑נִי אֶת־עָנְיִ֞י וְאֶת־יְגִ֧יעַ כַּפַּ֛י רָאָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים וַיּ֥וֹכַח אָֽמֶשׁ׃

Vocabulary

Verse 40

            חרב noun: "heat" (BDB, 351)

            קרח noun: "ice, frost" (BDB, 901)

            נדד verb (Qal waw-consecutive imperfect 3fs): "flee, depart" (BDB, 622)

            שׁנה noun: "sleep" (BDB, 446)

Verse 41

            חלף verb (Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect 2ms): "change" (trans.) (BDB, 322)

            משֹכרה noun: "wages" (BDB, 969)

            מנה noun: "occurrence, time" (BDB, 584)

Verse 42

            לולא conj: "if not; surely" (BDB, 529)

            פחד noun: "dread, fear" (BDB, 808)

            ריקם adv: "emptily" (BDB, 938)

            עני noun: "poverty; affliction" (BDB, 777)

            יגיע noun: "toil" (BDB, 388)

            כף noun: "hand" (BDB, 496)

            יכח verb: "decide, judge" (BDB, 406)

            אמשׁ noun: "yesterday" (BDB, 57)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 40

• Clause Structure 1 (הָיִ֧יתִי בַיּ֛וֹם אֲכָלַ֥נִי חֹ֖רֶב וְקֶ֣רַח בַּלָּ֑יְלָה): V-O
• The object of the 'to be' verb is the embedded clauses which follow.
• Embedded Structure A (בַיּ֛וֹם אֲכָלַ֥נִי חֹ֖רֶב): M-V-O-S
• These two clauses are linked together by a chiastic A-B-B'-A' structure wherein the second line includes opposite terms (day/night and heat/frost).
• Embedded Structure B (וְקֶ֣רַח בַּלָּ֑יְלָה): S-[V-O-]M
• The verbal idea is gapped from the previous clause.
• Clause Structure 2 (וַתִּדַּ֥ד שְׁנָתִ֖י מֵֽעֵינָֽי): V-S-M

Verse 41

• Clause Structure 1 (זֶה־לִּ֞י עֶשְׂרִ֣ים שָׁנָה֮ בְּבֵיתֶךָ֒): S-P-M
• The phrase, עשֹרים שׁנה, is dislocated from the referring pronoun זה (cf. GKC 136d), or it may be understood as a deictic adverbial particle (J-M 143a).
• Clause Structure 2 (עֲבַדְתִּ֜יךָ אַרְבַּֽע־עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה שָׁנָה֙ בִּשְׁתֵּ֣י בְנֹתֶ֔יךָ וְשֵׁ֥שׁ שָׁנִ֖ים בְּצֹאנֶ֑ךָ): V-O-M
• The preposition ב connotes exchange, that is, "in exchange for…"
• Clause Structure 3 (וַתַּחֲלֵ֥ף אֶת־מַשְׂכֻּרְתִּ֖י עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת מֹנִֽים):
• The adverbial phrase marker an iterative, "ten times" (J-M 142q; W-O 15.4b).

Verse 42

• Clause Structure 1 (לוּלֵ֡י אֱלֹהֵ֣י אָבִי֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וּפַ֤חַד יִצְחָק֙ הָ֣יָה לִ֔י): S-V-M
• The particle לולי marks the beginning of an irreal conditional clause (GKC 159x; W-O 38.2e).
• For the alternative interpretation of פחד as cognate with Ugaritic pḫd 'flock, kinsmen', see W. F. Albright, From the Stone Age to Christianity (1957), pp. 248ff (cf. HALOT 932).
• Clause Structure 2 (כִּ֥י עַתָּ֖ה רֵיקָ֣ם שִׁלַּחְתָּ֑נִי)): M-V-O
• The apodosis is marked with כי (J-M 167s).
• Clause Structure 3 (אֶת־עָנְיִ֞י וְאֶת־יְגִ֧יעַ כַּפַּ֛י רָאָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים): O-V-S
• Clause Structure 4 (וַיּ֥וֹכַח אָֽמֶשׁ): V-M

וַיִּ֥חַר לְיַעֲקֹ֖ב וַיָּ֣רֶב בְּלָבָ֑ן וַיַּ֤עַן יַעֲקֹב֙ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְלָבָ֔ן מַה־פִּשְׁעִי֙ מַ֣ה חַטָּאתִ֔י כִּ֥י דָלַ֖קְתָּ אַחֲרָֽי׃ 37 כִּֽי־מִשַּׁ֣שְׁתָּ אֶת־כָּל־כֵּלַ֗י מַה־מָּצָ֨אתָ֙ מִכֹּ֣ל כְּלֵי־בֵיתֶ֔ךָ שִׂ֣ים כֹּ֔ה נֶ֥גֶד אַחַ֖י וְאַחֶ֑יךָ וְיוֹכִ֖יחוּ בֵּ֥ין שְׁנֵֽינוּ׃ 38 זֶה֩ עֶשְׂרִ֨ים שָׁנָ֤ה אָנֹכִי֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ רְחֵלֶ֥יךָ וְעִזֶּ֖יךָ לֹ֣א שִׁכֵּ֑לוּ וְאֵילֵ֥י צֹאנְךָ֖ לֹ֥א אָכָֽלְתִּי׃ 39 טְרֵפָה֙ לֹא־הֵבֵ֣אתִי אֵלֶ֔יךָ אָנֹכִ֣י אֲחַטֶּ֔נָּה מִיָּדִ֖י תְּבַקְשֶׁ֑נָּה גְּנֻֽבְתִ֣י י֔וֹם וּגְנֻֽבְתִ֖י לָֽיְלָה׃

Vocabulary

Verse 36

            חרה verb: “be angry” (BDB, 354)

            ריב verb: “strive, contend” (BDB, 936)

            לבן name: “Laban”

            פשׁע noun: “transgression” (BDB, 833)

            דלק verb: “burn” (BDB, 196)

Verse 37

            משׁשׁ verb: “feel; grope” (BDB, 606)

יכח verb (Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect 3mpl): “decide; adjudicate” (BDB, 406)

Verse 38

            רחל "ewe, sheep" (BDB, 932)

            שׁכל verb: "be deprived, make childless" (BDB, 1013)

Verse 39

            טריפה noun: "torn carcass"

            גנב verb: "steal"

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 36

• Clause Structure 1 (וַיִּ֥חַר לְיַעֲקֹ֖ב): V-M
• The Hebrew idiom with חרה ל is “it was kindled for (him),” that is, “he became angry.”  חרה ב is used for “he is angry with (her).”
• Clause Structure 2 (וַיָּ֣רֶב בְּלָבָ֑ן): V-M
• Clause Structure 3 (וַיַּ֤עַן יַעֲקֹב֙): V-S
• Clause Structure 4 (וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְלָבָ֔ן מַה־פִּשְׁעִי֙ מַ֣ה חַטָּאתִ֔י כִּ֥י דָלַ֖קְתָּ אַחֲרָֽי): V-M-O
• Embedded Structure A (מַה־פִּשְׁעִי֙): S-P
• The consonant following the interrogative particle, מה, is usually doubled; however, in the following clause (4B), the het cannot be doubled thus is “virtually doubled” (J-M 37c).
• Embedded Structure B (מַ֣ה חַטָּאתִ֔י כִּ֥י דָלַ֖קְתָּ אַחֲרָֽי): S-P
• See previous note.
• Embedded Structure i (כִּ֥י דָלַ֖קְתָּ אַחֲרָֽי): V-M

Verse 37

• Clause Structure 1 (כִּֽי־מִשַּׁ֣שְׁתָּ אֶת־כָּל־כֵּלַ֗י): V-O
• Clause Structure 2 (מַה־מָּצָ֨אתָ֙ מִכֹּ֣ל כְּלֵי־בֵיתֶ֔ךָ): O-V-M
• The first part of the word מכל is a מן preposition used as a partitive.
• Clause Structure 3 (שִׂ֣ים כֹּ֔ה נֶ֥גֶד אַחַ֖י וְאַחֶ֑יךָ): V-M
• The adverb כה is spatial "here".
• Clause Structure 4 (וְיוֹכִ֖יחוּ בֵּ֥ין שְׁנֵֽינוּ): V-M

Verse 38

• Clause Structure 1 (זֶה֩ עֶשְׂרִ֨ים שָׁנָ֤ה אָנֹכִי֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ): M-S-P
• The demonstrative usually follows the modified noun, but here it precedes, indicating an adverb of time, "for these twenty years…"
• Clause Structure 2 (רְחֵלֶ֥יךָ וְעִזֶּ֖יךָ לֹ֣א שִׁכֵּ֑לוּ): O-V
• Clause Structure 3 (וְאֵילֵ֥י צֹאנְךָ֖ לֹ֥א אָכָֽלְתִּי): O-V
• The sense of the verb אכל here is probably the more general "destroy" rather simply "eat."

Verse 39

• Clause Structure 1 (טְרֵפָה֙ לֹא־הֵבֵ֣אתִי אֵלֶ֔יךָ): O-V-M
• Clause Structure 2 (אָנֹכִ֣י אֲחַטֶּ֔נָּה): S-V-O
• The final weak (א) is sometimes dropped when quiescent (GKC 23f; J-M 24fa).
• The imperfective here indicates habitual action (J-M 113e).
• Clause Structure 3 (מִיָּדִ֖י תְּבַקְשֶׁ֑נָּה גְּנֻֽבְתִ֣י י֔וֹם וּגְנֻֽבְתִ֖י לָֽיְלָה): M-V-O-M
• The passive participles, גנבתי, include a paragogic yod (J-M 93o), which W-O dub a remnant of the case system (W-O 8.2e)

Profiles:
Robert Biggs
Robert Braidwood (pdf)
Erica Reiner
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Projects:
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Publications:
Update on Electronic Publishing

“A document thought to be an ancient text written on papyrus was seized yesterday (Tuesday) in an operation led by the Intelligence Office of the Zion Region and the Undercover Unit of the Border Police in Jerusalem, in cooperation with the Unit for the Prevention of Antiquities Robbery and the Archaeological Staff Officer in the Civil Administration.”

Concerning the content:

“In this document, a widow named Miriam, daughter of Yaakov, legally transfers property to her late husband’s brother, said Amir Ganor, an archaeologist with the government department entrusted with fighting antiquities theft. Dated to the 2nd century A.D., it is unique because it includes the names of Jewish villages and a date — “four years from the destruction of the house of Israel.” Ganor said that was likely an allusion to a Jewish revolt put down violently by Rome around 135 A.D.”

A nice photo was provided.

(HT: Jim Davila)

(Tyler Williams also informs us of the Codex Sinaiticus Conference to be held at the British Library, London, on 6-7 July 2009.)