DailyHebrew.com

As many readers are aware, Professor Muraoka has revised for a second time Paul Joüon’s classic Grammaire de l’hébreu biblique (Rome: Institut biblique pontifical, 1923).  This updated volume is available in a one volume hardback version published by the Pontifical Biblical Institute (2006).  Additionally, Logos Bible Software is developing an electronic version of the revised edition, and Mac users may add it to their Accordance software.  Both of which are less expensive than the actual print version and provide advanced searching and cross referencing. 

Several readers have asked for an indexed key to the sentence typology (i.e. diagramming) system found on DailyHebrew.com.  The basic units are listed below with examples and sundry notes.  Please remember that these posts were written over a four-year period, so some variation exists within how these categories are applied.

Abbreviations used:

          S        Subject

          O       Object

          V       Verb

          M       [Adverbial] Modifier

          P        Predicate (no explicit verbal element)

          IO      Indirect Object (*see note below*)

          OC     Object Complement

          SC      Subject Complement (*see note below*) 

Examples:

• Joshua 2:23

          וַיָּשֻׁ֜בוּ שְׁנֵ֤י הָֽאֲנָשִׁים

          And-they-returned the-two men.

          V-S

• Genesis 33:20

          וַיַּצֶּב־שָׁ֖ם מִזְבֵּ֑חַ

          And-he-built there an-altar.

          V-M-O

• Exodus 3:1

          וּמֹשֶׁ֗ה הָיָ֥ה רֹעֶ֛ה אֶת־צֹ֛אן יִתְר֥וֹ חֹתְנֹ֖ו כֹּהֵ֣ן מִדְיָ֑ן

Now-Moses was pasturing the-flock of-Jethro, his father-in-law, the-priest of-Midian.

S-V-O

• Ezekiel 4:10

          וּמַאֲכָֽלְךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֹּאכֲלֶ֔נּוּ בְּמִשְׁק֕וֹל עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל לַיּ֑וֹם

And-your-food which you-shall-eat-it [will be] by-weight twenty shekels for-each-day

          S-P

          Embedded Clause (תֹּאכֲלֶ֔נּוּ): V-O

Notes:

• Only explicit constituents (Subject, Object, Verb, etc.) are listed; when necessary elided constituents are placed in brackets [ ].
• Multiple modifiers will not be designated separately.
• Verbal Negation, though technically a modifier, is not marked.
• Conjunctions are ignored.
• The function of the relative particle is not designated in relative clauses.
• Multi-part verbs (e.g. composite tenses and verbal hendiadys) shall be marked as one verbal unit.
• The content of a quotation is considered the object of the verb of speech.
• Older posts may use the SC and IO designations; however, newer posts will designate these merely as O and M (respectively).

Chris Heard shares some thoughts about Practico & Van Pelt's BH Teaching Grammar on his blog Higgaion.  It seems to me that each teaching grammar (as well as the intermediate grammars) has positive and negative features.  This means that where the grammar is weak we need to provide supplemental instruction/material.  If this were not so, there would not be need for a teacher!

Enjoy this video.

וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃ 24 דַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֗דֶשׁ יִהְיֶ֤ה לָכֶם֙ שַׁבָּת֔וֹן זִכְר֥וֹן תְּרוּעָ֖ה מִקְרָא־קֹֽדֶשׁ׃ 25 כָּל־מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֑וּ וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַיהוָֽה׃ ס

Vocabulary

Verse 4

            שׁביעי  ordinal number: “seventh”

            שׁבתון  noun: “Sabbath” (BDB, 992)

            זכרון  noun: “memorial” (BDB, 272)

            תדועה  noun: “blast (of trumpet/shofar)” (BDB, 930)

            מקדא  noun: “convocation”

Verse 5

            מלאכה  “work”

            עבדה  “labor”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 3

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר): V-S-IO-M
• The object is the following quotation.
• Conjunctive dagesh, or conjunctivum, is regularly used when לאמר follows משׁה (cf. Exodus 6:10, 29; 15:24; GKC 20c n.2)

Verse 4

• Embedded Typology A (דַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר): V-IO-M-O
• Asyndeton marks the introduction of the direct speech.
• The quotation is further embedded.
• Embedded Typology i (בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֗דֶשׁ יִהְיֶ֤ה לָכֶם֙ שַׁבָּת֔וֹן זִכְר֥וֹן תְּרוּעָ֖ה מִקְרָא־קֹֽדֶשׁ): M-V-M-SC-M
• The phrase, באחד לחדשׁ, refers to the “first day of the month.”
• The name Rosh Hashanah ראשׁ השׁנה is not found in the Hebrew Bible.
• The construct phrase, זכרון תרועה, may be understood as appositional—“a memorial with a trumpet blast.”

Verse 5

• Embedded Typology ii (כָּל־מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֑וּ): O-V
• Asyndeton explains further instructions for the observance.
• The construct is attributive, “laborious work.”
• Embedded Typology iii (וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַיהוָֽה):  V-M
• The Hiphil of קרב implies the bringing of a sacrifice.