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וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יַעֲקֹ֔ב אֶל־רִבְקָ֖ה אִמֹּ֑ו הֵ֣ן עֵשָׂ֤ו אָחִי֙ אִ֣ישׁ שָׂעִ֔ר וְאָנֹכִ֖י אִ֥ישׁ חָלָֽק׃ 12 אוּלַ֤י יְמֻשֵּׁ֨נִי֙ אָבִ֔י וְהָיִ֥יתִי בְעֵינָ֖יו כִּמְתַעְתֵּ֑עַ וְהֵבֵאתִ֥י עָלַ֛י קְלָלָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א בְרָכָֽה׃ 13  וַתֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ אִמֹּ֔ו עָלַ֥י קִלְלָתְךָ֖ בְּנִ֑י אַ֛ךְ שְׁמַ֥ע בְּקֹלִ֖י וְלֵ֥ךְ קַֽח־לִֽי׃ 14  וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ֙ וַיִּקַּ֔ח וַיָּבֵ֖א לְאִמֹּ֑ו וַתַּ֤עַשׂ אִמּוֹ֙ מַטְעַמִּ֔ים כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר אָהֵ֥ב אָבִֽיו׃

Vocabulary

Verse 11

            שֹעיר adj: “hairy” (BDB, 971)

            חלק adj: “smooth” (BDB, 325)

Verse 12

            אולי “perhaps, if” (BDB, 19)

            משׁשׁ verb (Qal imperfect 3ms w/ 1cs suffix): “touch” (BDB, 606)

            תעע verb (Pilpel participle ms): “mocker, trickster” (BDB, 1073)

            קללה noun: “curse” (BDB, 887)

            ברכה noun: “blessing” (BDB, 139)

Verse 13

            אך adv: “surely”

           קללה noun: “curse” (BDB, 887)

Verse 14

            מטעם “savory food” (BDB, 381)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 11

·                    Clause Typology 1 (וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יַעֲקֹ֔ב אֶל־רִבְקָ֖ה אִמֹּ֑ו הֵ֣ן עֵשָׂ֤ו אָחִי֙ אִ֣ישׁ שָׂעִ֔ר וְאָנֹכִ֖י אִ֥ישׁ חָלָֽק): V-S-M-O

·                    Embedded Typology A (הֵ֣ן עֵשָׂ֤ו אָחִי֙ אִ֣ישׁ שָׂעִ֔ר): S-P

• The particle הן is a deictic or presentative particle.

·                    Embedded Typology B (וְאָנֹכִ֖י אִ֥ישׁ חָלָֽק): S-P

• The waw is disjunctive (waw + nonverb).

Verse 12

·                    Embedded Typology C (אוּלַ֤י יְמֻשֵּׁ֨נִי֙ אָבִ֔י): V-O-S

• The prefixed form is used here for the non-indicative modality.

·                    Embedded Typology D (וְהָיִ֥יתִי בְעֵינָ֖יו כִּמְתַעְתֵּ֑עַ): V-M

·                    Embedded Typology E (וְהֵבֵאתִ֥י עָלַ֛י קְלָלָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א בְרָכָֽה): V-M-O

• The common idiom “to put under oath/curse” uses the Hiphil verb; here the idiom is used reflexively—“I put upon myself a curse.”

Verse 13

·                    Clause Typology 1 (וַתֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ אִמֹּ֔ו עָלַ֥י קִלְלָתְךָ֖ בְּנִ֑י אַ֛ךְ שְׁמַ֥ע בְּקֹלִ֖י וְלֵ֥ךְ קַֽח־לִֽי): V-M-S-O

·                    Embedded Typology A (עָלַ֥י קִלְלָתְךָ֖ בְּנִ֑י): P-S

• בני is used as a vocative.

·                    Embedded Typology B (אַ֛ךְ שְׁמַ֥ע בְּקֹלִ֖י): V-M

·                    Embedded Typology C (וְלֵ֥ךְ קַֽח־לִֽי): V-M

• The two imperative verbs function to relay one “real-world” action; hence the relationship is a type of verbal hendiadys.

Verse 14

·                    Clause Typology 1 (וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ֙): V

·                    Clause Typology 2 (וַיִּקַּ֔ח): V

·                    Clause Typology 3 (וַיָּבֵ֖א לְאִמֹּ֑ו): V-M

·                    Clause Typology 4 (וַתַּ֤עַשׂ אִמּוֹ֙ מַטְעַמִּ֔ים כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר אָהֵ֥ב אָבִֽיו): V-S-O-M

• The final he of the verbal form is apocopated in the waw-consecutive imperfect.

·                    Embedded Typology A (אָהֵ֥ב אָבִֽיו): V-S

וְעַתָּ֥ה בְנִ֖י שְׁמַ֣ע בְּקֹלִ֑י לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲנִ֖י מְצַוָּ֥ה אֹתָֽךְ׃ 9   לֶךְ־נָא֙ אֶל־הַצֹּ֔אן וְקַֽח־לִ֣י מִשָּׁ֗ם שְׁנֵ֛י גְּדָיֵ֥י עִזִּ֖ים טֹבִ֑ים וְאֶֽעֱשֶׂ֨ה אֹתָ֧ם מַטְעַמִּ֛ים לְאָבִ֖יךָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר אָהֵֽב׃ 10  וְהֵבֵאתָ֥ לְאָבִ֖יךָ וְאָכָ֑ל בַּעֲבֻ֛ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְבָרֶכְךָ֖ לִפְנֵ֥י מוֹתֹֽו׃

Vocabulary

Verse 9

            גדי noun: “young male goat, kid” (BDB, 152)

            עז noun: “female goat” (BDB, 777)

            מטעם noun: “savory food” (BDB, 381)

Verse 10

            בעבר preposition: “for the sake of; because” (BDB, 721)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 8

·                    Embedded Typology v (וְעַתָּ֥ה בְנִ֖י שְׁמַ֣ע בְּקֹלִ֑י לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲנִ֖י מְצַוָּ֥ה אֹתָֽךְ): V-M

• The noun, בני, is a vocative—“O my son”.
• The idiom, שׁמע בקלי, uses metonymy to mean “listen to me.”

·                    Embedded Typology a (אֲנִ֖י מְצַוָּ֥ה אֹתָֽךְ): S-V-O

• The participle is used verbally. 

Verse 9

·                    Embedded Typology vi (לֶךְ־נָא֙ אֶל־הַצֹּ֔אן): V-M

• The verb הלך forms bi-radical imperatives, like first yod roots.
• On the use of נא for “emphasis,” see J-M 48d.
• The definite noun, הצאן, is here used as a collective (as in English: “the flock” = “small herd animals”).

·                    Embedded Typology vii (וְקַֽח־לִ֣י מִשָּׁ֗ם שְׁנֵ֛י גְּדָיֵ֥י עִזִּ֖ים טֹבִ֑ים): V-M-O

• The lamed is the so-called ethical dative, indicating “for one’s benefit” (cf. GKC 119s).
• The plural form is used, טבים, as the dual is not productive in BH.

·                    Embedded Typology viii (וְאֶֽעֱשֶׂ֨ה אֹתָ֧ם מַטְעַמִּ֛ים לְאָבִ֖יךָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר אָהֵֽב): V-O-OC-M

• The object complement may be used to indicate transformation; in this case: to may X into Y, that is, O into OC (cf. GKC 117ii; J-M 125w).

·                    Embedded Typology a (אָהֵֽב): V

• The verb אהב is quasi-stative (W-O 22.2.3.a).

Verse 10

·                    Embedded Typology ix (וְהֵבֵאתָ֥ לְאָבִ֖יךָ): V-M

·                    Embedded Typology x (וְאָכָ֑ל בַּעֲבֻ֛ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְבָרֶכְךָ֖ לִפְנֵ֥י מוֹתֹֽו): V-M

• בַּעֲבֻ֛ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר is used to show purpose (GKC 165b; J-M 168e; W-O 38.3.b).

·                    Embedded Typology a (יְבָרֶכְךָ֖ לִפְנֵ֥י מוֹתֹֽו): V-O-M

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Several readers have asked for an indexed key to the sentence typology (i.e. diagramming) system found on DailyHebrew.com.  The basic units are listed below with examples and sundry notes.  Please remember that these posts were written over a four-year period, so some variation exists within how these categories are applied.

Abbreviations used:

          S        Subject

          O       Object

          V       Verb

          M       [Adverbial] Modifier

          P        Predicate (no explicit verbal element)

          IO      Indirect Object (*see note below*)

          OC     Object Complement

          SC      Subject Complement (*see note below*) 

Examples:

• Joshua 2:23

          וַיָּשֻׁ֜בוּ שְׁנֵ֤י הָֽאֲנָשִׁים

          And-they-returned the-two men.

          V-S

• Genesis 33:20

          וַיַּצֶּב־שָׁ֖ם מִזְבֵּ֑חַ

          And-he-built there an-altar.

          V-M-O

• Exodus 3:1

          וּמֹשֶׁ֗ה הָיָ֥ה רֹעֶ֛ה אֶת־צֹ֛אן יִתְר֥וֹ חֹתְנֹ֖ו כֹּהֵ֣ן מִדְיָ֑ן

Now-Moses was pasturing the-flock of-Jethro, his father-in-law, the-priest of-Midian.

S-V-O

• Ezekiel 4:10

          וּמַאֲכָֽלְךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֹּאכֲלֶ֔נּוּ בְּמִשְׁק֕וֹל עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל לַיּ֑וֹם

And-your-food which you-shall-eat-it [will be] by-weight twenty shekels for-each-day

          S-P

          Embedded Clause (תֹּאכֲלֶ֔נּוּ): V-O

Notes:

• Only explicit constituents (Subject, Object, Verb, etc.) are listed; when necessary elided constituents are placed in brackets [ ].
• Multiple modifiers will not be designated separately.
• Verbal Negation, though technically a modifier, is not marked.
• Conjunctions are ignored.
• The function of the relative particle is not designated in relative clauses.
• Multi-part verbs (e.g. composite tenses and verbal hendiadys) shall be marked as one verbal unit.
• The content of a quotation is considered the object of the verb of speech.
• Older posts may use the SC and IO designations; however, newer posts will designate these merely as O and M (respectively).

וְרִבְקָ֣ה שֹׁמַ֔עַת בְּדַבֵּ֣ר יִצְחָ֔ק אֶל־עֵשָׂ֖ו בְּנֹ֑ו וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ עֵשָׂו֙ הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה לָצ֥וּד צַ֖יִד לְהָבִֽיא׃ 6  וְרִבְקָה֙ אָֽמְרָ֔ה אֶל־יַעֲקֹ֥ב בְּנָ֖הּ לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֤ה שָׁמַ֨עְתִּי֙ אֶת־אָבִ֔יךָ מְדַבֵּ֛ר אֶל־עֵשָׂ֥ו אָחִ֖יךָ לֵאמֹֽר׃ 7   הָבִ֨יאָה לִּ֥י צַ֛יִד וַעֲשֵׂה־לִ֥י מַטְעַמִּ֖ים וְאֹכֵ֑לָה וַאֲבָרֶכְכָ֛ה לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י מוֹתִֽי׃

Vocabulary

Verse 5

            רבקה name: “Rebekah”

            עשו name: “Esau”

            צוד verb: “hunt” (BDB, 844)

            ציד noun: “food; game” (BDB, 844)

Verse 7

            ציד noun: “food; game” (BDB, 844)

            מטעם noun: “savory food” (BDB, 381)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 5

·                    Sentence Typology 1 (וְרִבְקָ֣ה שֹׁמַ֔עַת בְּדַבֵּ֣ר יִצְחָ֔ק אֶל־עֵשָׂ֖ו בְּנֹ֑ו): S-V-M

• In English, the thing which is heard is unmarked; whereas in Hebrew it may be conveyed by a preposition as here with beth.  Elsewhere, a similar idiom may express obedience, that is, שָׁמַע בְּקוֹל יהוה means “obey” (lit. “he obeyed the voice of YWHW”).

·                    Sentence Typology 2 (וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ עֵשָׂו֙ הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה לָצ֥וּד צַ֖יִד לְהָבִֽיא): V-S-M

• The infinitives are found in logical order without a conjunctive element.

Verse 6

·                    Sentence Typology 1 (וְרִבְקָה֙ אָֽמְרָ֔ה אֶל־יַעֲקֹ֥ב בְּנָ֖הּ לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֤ה שָׁמַ֨עְתִּי֙ אֶת־אָבִ֔יךָ מְדַבֵּ֛ר אֶל־עֵשָׂ֥ו אָחִ֖יךָ לֵאמֹֽר): S-V-M

• The final dot, called mappiq (cf. GKC 58d), in the form, בנה, indicates that the he is considered a consonant and not a vowel.

·                    Embedded Typology A (הִנֵּ֤ה שָׁמַ֨עְתִּי֙ אֶת־אָבִ֔יךָ מְדַבֵּ֛ר אֶל־עֵשָׂ֥ו אָחִ֖יךָ לֵאמֹֽר): V-O-M

• In this clause the object of the verb is a person, marked by the definite direct object marker; the following participle (which is also modified by the following prepositional clause, אל עשו אחיך) is best understood as in apposition to this object.

Verse 7

·                    Embedded Typology i (הָבִ֨יאָה לִּ֥י צַ֛יִד): V-M-O

• The following clauses are embedded under the previous embedded clause, verse 6A.
• The final vowel on the Hiphil imperative verbal form is the cohortative suffix.
• The dagesh on לי is the conjunctive dagesh (GKC 20c).
• The modifier, לי, functions as a traditional indirect object.

·                    Embedded Typology ii (וַעֲשֵׂה־לִ֥י מַטְעַמִּ֖ים): V-M-O

• In this clause, the maqqeph is used to join together closely the modifier with the verb.
• The mem-preformative noun, מטעם, is derived from the root for “judgment; taste” (*maqtall of טעם).

·                    Embedded Typology iii (וְאֹכֵ֑לָה): V

·                    Embedded Typology iv (וַאֲבָרֶכְכָ֛ה לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י מוֹתִֽי): V-O-M

• See GKC 58c for the rare suffixed form of the verb.
• The first preposition לפני is used spatially and the second temporally.