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וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לוֹ֛ יִצְחָ֥ק אָבִ֖יו מִי־אָ֑תָּה וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אֲנִ֛י בִּנְךָ֥ בְכֹֽרְךָ֖ עֵשָֽׂו׃ 33  וַיֶּחֱרַ֨ד יִצְחָ֣ק חֲרָדָה֮ גְּדֹלָ֣ה עַד־מְאֹד֒ וַיֹּ֡אמֶר מִֽי־אֵפ֡וֹא ה֣וּא הַצָּֽד־צַיִד֩ וַיָּ֨בֵא לִ֜י וָאֹכַ֥ל מִכֹּ֛ל בְּטֶ֥רֶם תָּב֖וֹא וָאֲבָרֲכֵ֑הוּ גַּם־בָּר֖וּךְ יִהְיֶֽה׃ 34  כִּשְׁמֹ֤עַ עֵשָׂו֙ אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֣י אָבִ֔יו וַיִּצְעַ֣ק צְעָקָ֔ה גְּדֹלָ֥ה וּמָרָ֖ה עַד־מְאֹ֑ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְאָבִ֔יו בָּרֲכֵ֥נִי גַם־אָ֖נִי אָבִֽי׃

Vocabulary

Verse 32

            בכר noun: “firstborn” (BDB, 114)

            עשו name: “Esau”

Verse 33

            חרד verb: “tremble, be terrified” (BDB, 353)

            חרדה noun: “trembling; anxiety” (BDB, 353)

            אפו particle: “then” (BDB, 66)

            צוד verb: “hunt” (BDB, 844)

            ציד noun: “game, hunting” (BDB, 844)

            טרם “before”

Verse 34

            צעק verb: “cry, call (out)” (BDB, 858)

            צעקה noun: “outcry” (BDB, 858)

            מר adjective: “bitter” (BDB, 600)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 32

Clause Typology 1 (וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לוֹ֛ יִצְחָ֥ק אָבִ֖יו מִי־אָ֑תָּה): V-M-S-O

Embedded Typology B (מִי־אָ֑תָּה): S-P

The interrogative always is the first element of the clause.

The vocalization of אתה is a pausal form.

Clause Typology 2 (וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אֲנִ֛י בִּנְךָ֥ בְכֹֽרְךָ֖ עֵשָֽׂו): V-O

Embedded Typology A (אֲנִ֛י בִּנְךָ֥ בְכֹֽרְךָ֖ עֵשָֽׂו): S-P

Compare with Jacob’s response: Genesis 27:19 (אָנֹכִי֙ עֵשָׂ֣ו בְּכֹרֶ֔ךָ).

Verse 33

Clause Typology 1 (וַיֶּחֱרַ֨ד יִצְחָ֣ק חֲרָדָה֮ גְּדֹלָ֣ה עַד־מְאֹד֒): V-S-O-M

Clause Typology 2 (וַיֹּ֡אמֶר מִֽי־אֵפ֡וֹא ה֣וּא הַצָּֽד־צַיִד֩ וַיָּ֨בֵא לִ֜י וָאֹכַ֥ל מִכֹּ֛ל בְּטֶ֥רֶם תָּב֖וֹא וָאֲבָרֲכֵ֑הוּ גַּם־בָּר֖וּךְ יִהְיֶֽה): V-O

Embedded Typology A (מִֽי־אֵפ֡וֹא ה֣וּא הַצָּֽד־צַיִד֩): S-P

See GKC 150l for a further description of the usage of the particle in interrogative clauses.

Embedded Typology i (הַצָּֽד־צַיִד֩): V-O

The substantive participle (used attributively; J-M 121i) serves as appositional to the preceding pronoun and takes an object, ציד.

Embedded Typology B (וַיָּ֨בֵא לִ֜י): V-M

The waw-consecutive form indicates a logical consequence (W-O 33.3.5b).

Embedded Typology C (וָאֹכַ֥ל מִכֹּ֛ל): V-M

Embedded Typology D (בְּטֶ֥רֶם תָּב֖וֹא): V

The imperfective is used here for an action in the past (J-M 113j).

Embedded Typology E (וָאֲבָרֲכֵ֑הוּ): V-O

Embedded Typology F (גַּם־בָּר֖וּךְ יִהְיֶֽה): M-O-V

The particle גם serves as an adverbial modifier (W-O 4.6.2c).

Verse 34

Clause Typology 1 (כִּשְׁמֹ֤עַ עֵשָׂו֙ אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֣י אָבִ֔יו): V-S-O

The preposition with the infinitive construct marks temporality (GKC 118u).  An infinitive used instead of a finite verbal form is unusual without the ויהי frame, though, thus the consonantal form may be understood better as a perfect or infinitive absolute.

Clause Typology 2 (וַיִּצְעַ֣ק צְעָקָ֔ה גְּדֹלָ֥ה וּמָרָ֖ה עַד־מְאֹ֑ד): V-O-M

The initial conjunction is sometimes called “the waw of apodosis” (J-M 176a) which links a protasis with its apodosis.

For further explication of the use of a cognate accusative, see GKC 113m.

Clause Typology 3 (וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְאָבִ֔יו בָּרֲכֵ֥נִי גַם־אָ֖נִי אָבִֽי): V-M-O

Embedded Typology A (בָּרֲכֵ֥נִי גַם־אָ֖נִי אָבִֽי): V-O-M

Emphasis is added to the verbal suffix with appositional phrase גם־אני (J-M 146d).

The final word is a vocative (or “focus particle”; MNC 41.4.5.1), “O my father.”

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