Archive for July, 2007

Jul 03 2007

Genesis 26:18-20

Published by Hardy under Genesis

וַיָּ֨שָׁב יִצְחָ֜ק וַיַּחְפֹּ֣ר ׀ אֶת־בְּאֵרֹ֣ת הַמַּ֗יִם אֲשֶׁ֤ר חָֽפְרוּ֙ בִּימֵי֙ אַבְרָהָ֣ם אָבִ֔יו וַיְסַתְּמ֣וּם פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֖י מ֣וֹת אַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיִּקְרָ֤א לָהֶן֙ שֵׁמ֔וֹת כַּשֵּׁמֹ֕ת אֲשֶׁר־קָרָ֥א לָהֶ֖ן אָבִֽיו׃ 19 וַיַּחְפְּר֥וּ עַבְדֵֽי־יִצְחָ֖ק בַּנָּ֑חַל וַיִּ֨מְצְאוּ־שָׁ֔ם בְּאֵ֖ר מַ֥יִם חַיִּֽים׃ 20 וַיָּרִ֜יבוּ רֹעֵ֣י גְרָ֗ר עִם־רֹעֵ֥י יִצְחָ֛ק לֵאמֹ֖ר לָ֣נוּ הַמָּ֑יִם וַיִּקְרָ֤א שֵֽׁם־הַבְּאֵר֙ עֵ֔שֶׂק כִּ֥י הִֽתְעַשְּׂק֖וּ עִמּֽוֹ׃

Vocabulary

Verse 18

            חפר  verb: “dig” (BDB, 343)

            באר  noun: “well” (BDB, 91)

            סתם  verb: “stop up” (BDB, 711)

Verse 19

            חפר  verb: “dig” (BDB, 343)

            נחל  noun: “river, wadi”

            באר  noun: “well” (BDB, 91)

Verse 20

            רעה  verb (Qal participle 3mpl): “herdsman, shepherd”

            ריב  verb: “strive, contend, quarrel”

            גרר  name: “Gerar”

            באר  noun: “well” (BDB, 91)

            עשֹק  name: “Esek”

            עשֹק  verb: “dispute, contend” (BDB, 796)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 18

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיָּ֨שָׁב יִצְחָ֜ק): V-S
    • The verb, שׁוב, may be used in conjunction with another finite verb; the principle idea is elucidated by the second verb (חפר in this case; GKC 120d).
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וַיַּחְפֹּ֣ר ׀ אֶת־בְּאֵרֹ֣ת הַמַּ֗יִם אֲשֶׁ֤ר חָֽפְרוּ֙ בִּימֵי֙ אַבְרָהָ֣ם אָבִ֔יו וַיְסַתְּמ֣וּם פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֖י מ֣וֹת אַבְרָהָ֑ם): V-O
    • The בערת “wells” are further modified by the following relative clauses.
  • Embedded Typology A (חָֽפְרוּ֙ בִּימֵי֙ אַבְרָהָ֣ם אָבִ֔יו): V-M
    • The 3mpl subject is indefinite, “they dug [the wells]” (GKC 144f).
  • Embedded Typology B (וַיְסַתְּמ֣וּם פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֖י מ֣וֹת אַבְרָהָ֑ם): V-O-M
    • Although the referent of the pronominal suffix is a feminine noun, באר, the 3mpl suffix is used to avoid confusion with a וּן ending (GKC 60h).
    • The final construct phrase is used as a temporal adverbial modifier.
  • Sentence Typology 3 (וַיִּקְרָ֤א לָהֶן֙ שֵׁמ֔וֹת כַּשֵּׁמֹ֕ת אֲשֶׁר־קָרָ֥א לָהֶ֖ן אָבִֽיו): V-IO-O-M
    • The 3fpl pronominal suffix is used with the inseparable preposition to refer to the בארת.
    • The preposition kaf is used as a comparative.
  • Embedded Typology A (קָרָ֥א לָהֶ֖ן אָבִֽיו): V-IO-S

Verse 19

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיַּחְפְּר֥וּ עַבְדֵֽי־יִצְחָ֖ק בַּנָּ֑חַל): V-S-M
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וַיִּ֨מְצְאוּ־שָׁ֔ם בְּאֵ֖ר מַ֥יִם חַיִּֽים): V-M-O
    • The idiom, מים חיים, refers to flowing water.

Verse 20

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיָּרִ֜יבוּ רֹעֵ֣י גְרָ֗ר עִם־רֹעֵ֥י יִצְחָ֛ק לֵאמֹ֖ר לָ֣נוּ הַמָּ֑יִם): V-S-M
  • Embedded Typology A (לָ֣נוּ הַמָּ֑יִם):  P-S
    • The predicate of this verbless clause indicates possession.
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וַיִּקְרָ֤א שֵֽׁם־הַבְּאֵר֙ עֵ֔שֶׂק): V-O-OC
    • The place name is not witnessed elsewhere in the MT.  The LXX transliterates it as Ἀδικία.
  • Sentence Typology 3 (כִּ֥י הִֽתְעַשְּׂק֖וּ עִמּֽוֹ):  V-M
    • The final suffix may refer to Isaac alone or be a collective reference to his herdsmen all together.

 

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