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וַֽיִּגְדְּלוּ֙ הַנְּעָרִ֔ים וַיְהִ֣י עֵשָׂ֗ו אִ֛ישׁ יֹדֵ֥עַ צַ֖יִד אִ֣ישׁ שָׂדֶ֑ה וְיַעֲקֹב֙ אִ֣ישׁ תָּ֔ם יֹשֵׁ֖ב אֹהָלִֽים׃ 28 וַיֶּאֱהַ֥ב יִצְחָ֛ק אֶת־עֵשָׂ֖ו כִּי־צַ֣יִד בְּפִ֑יו וְרִבְקָ֖ה אֹהֶ֥בֶת אֶֽת־יַעֲקֹֽב׃ 29 וַיָּ֥זֶד יַעֲקֹ֖ב נָזִ֑יד וַיָּבֹ֥א עֵשָׂ֛ו מִן־הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה וְה֥וּא עָיֵֽף׃ 30 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר עֵשָׂ֜ו אֶֽל־יַעֲקֹ֗ב הַלְעִיטֵ֤נִי נָא֙ מִן־הָאָדֹ֤ם הָאָדֹם֙ הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֥י עָיֵ֖ף אָנֹ֑כִי עַל־כֵּ֥ן קָרָֽא־שְׁמ֖וֹ אֱדֽוֹם׃

Vocabulary

Verse 27

            גדל  verb: “grew up”

            עשו  name: “Esau”

            ציד  “hunting” (BDB, 844)

            תם  “wholesome, complete” (BDB, 1070)

Verse 28

            ציד  “game” (BDB, 844)

Verse 29

            זיד  verb (Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect 3ms): “boil” (BDB, 267)

            נזיד  “boiled leguminous stew” (BDB, 268)

            עיף  “weary” (BDB, 746)

Verse 30

            לעט  verb (Hiphil imperative ms w/ 1cs suffix): “swallow” (BDB, 542)

            אדם  “red” (BDB, 10)

            עיף  “weary, faint” (BDB, 746)

            על־כן  “therefore”

            אדום  name: “Edom”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 27

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַֽיִּגְדְּלוּ֙ הַנְּעָרִ֔ים): V-S
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַיְהִ֣י עֵשָׂ֗ו אִ֛ישׁ יֹדֵ֥עַ צַ֖יִד אִ֣ישׁ שָׂדֶ֑ה): V-S-SC
• The participle is used to specify the kind of man Esau was—“one knowledgeable of hunting.”
• The word ציד may refer to hunted game (verse 28) or the act of hunting game.
• The phrase, אישׁ שֹדה, is appositional.
• Sentence Typology 3 (וְיַעֲקֹב֙ אִ֣ישׁ תָּ֔ם יֹשֵׁ֖ב אֹהָלִֽים): S-P
• The description of Jacob contrasts that of Esau in the previous clause marked by a non-sequential (i.e. waw+nonverb) order.
• The phrase, אישׁ תם “a wholesome man,” is a genitive of specification (also called an attributive genitive).

Verse 28

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֶּאֱהַ֥ב יִצְחָ֛ק אֶת־עֵשָׂ֖ו): V-S-O
• Sentence Typology 2 (כִּי־צַ֣יִד בְּפִ֑יו): S-P
• This causal verbless clause may be idiomatic for preference (cf. Job 20:12).
• Sentence Typology 3 (וְרִבְקָ֖ה אֹהֶ֥בֶת אֶֽת־יַעֲקֹֽב): S-V-O
• This clause contrasts the previous with non-sequential order—“but Rebekah loved Jacob.”

Verse 29

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיָּ֥זֶד יַעֲקֹ֖ב נָזִ֑יד): V-S-O
• The verb is transitive.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַיָּבֹ֥א עֵשָׂ֛ו מִן־הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה): V-S-M
• Sentence Typology 3 (וְה֥וּא עָיֵֽף): S-P
• This disjunctive clause provides background information upon which the following narrative is based.

Verse 30

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֹּ֨אמֶר עֵשָׂ֜ו אֶֽל־יַעֲקֹ֗ב הַלְעִיטֵ֤נִי נָא֙ מִן־הָאָדֹ֤ם הָאָדֹם֙ הַזֶּ֔ה): V-S-IO-O
• The object is direct speech.
• Sentence Typology A (הַלְעִיטֵ֤נִי נָא֙ מִן־הָאָדֹ֤ם הָאָדֹם֙ הַזֶּ֔ה): V-O-M
• The prepositional phrase includes the repetition of אדם “the red [soup].”
• Sentence Typology B (כִּ֥י עָיֵ֖ף אָנֹ֑כִי): P-S
• The second clause repeats the background information from verse 29 as the reason for Esau’s request.
• Sentence Typology 2 (עַל־כֵּ֥ן קָרָֽא־שְׁמ֖וֹ אֱדֽוֹם): V-S-O

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