Dec 19 2006

Genesis 25:22-26

Published by Hardy at 10:44 am under Genesis

וַיִּתְרֹֽצֲצ֤וּ הַבָּנִים֙ בְּקִרְבָּ֔הּ וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אִם־כֵּ֔ן לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֖ה אָנֹ֑כִי וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ לִדְרֹ֥שׁ אֶת־יְהוָֽה׃ 23 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה לָ֗הּ שְׁנֵ֤י [גֹיִים] בְּבִטְנֵ֔ךְ וּשְׁנֵ֣י לְאֻמִּ֔ים מִמֵּעַ֖יִךְ יִפָּרֵ֑דוּ וּלְאֹם֙ מִלְאֹ֣ם יֶֽאֱמָ֔ץ וְרַ֖ב יַעֲבֹ֥ד צָעִֽיר׃ 24 וַיִּמְלְא֥וּ יָמֶ֖יהָ לָלֶ֑דֶת וְהִנֵּ֥ה תוֹמִ֖ם בְּבִטְנָֽהּ׃ 25 וַיֵּצֵ֤א הָרִאשׁוֹן֙ אַדְמוֹנִ֔י כֻּלּ֖וֹ כְּאַדֶּ֣רֶת שֵׂעָ֑ר וַיִּקְרְא֥וּ שְׁמ֖וֹ עֵשָֽׂו׃ 26 וְאַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֞ן יָצָ֣א אָחִ֗יו וְיָד֤וֹ אֹחֶ֙זֶת֙ בַּעֲקֵ֣ב עֵשָׂ֔ו וַיִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ יַעֲקֹ֑ב וְיִצְחָ֛ק בֶּן־שִׁשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה בְּלֶ֥דֶת אֹתָֽם׃

Vocabulary

Verse 22

רצץ  verb (Hithpoel waw-consecutive imperfect 3mpl): “crush one another” (BDB, 954)

            דרשׁ  verb: “inquire, seek”

Verse 23

            בטן  “womb”

            לאם  “people” (BDB, 522)

            מעה  “womb” (BDB, 588)

            פרד  verb (Niphal imperfect 3mpl): “divide” (BDB, 825)

            אמץ  verb: “be strong” (BDB, 54)

            צעיר  “young” (BDB, 859)

Verse 24

            תומם  “twins” (BDB, 1060)

Verse 25

            אדמוני  “red, ruddy” (BDB, 10)

            אדרת  “cloak” (BDB, 12)

            שֹער  “hair” (BDB, 972)

            עשו  name: “Esau”

Verse 26

            אחז  verb (Qal active participle fs): “grasp”

            עקב  “heel” (BDB, 784)

            יעקב  name: “Jacob”

            יצחק  name: “Isaac”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 22

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיִּתְרֹֽצֲצ֤וּ הַבָּנִים֙ בְּקִרְבָּ֔הּ): V-S-M
    • The Poel stem is analogous to the Piel for geminate (and middle weak) verbs and is reflexive as a Hithpoel—“They crush each other.”
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אִם־כֵּ֔ן לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֖ה אָנֹ֑כִי): V-O
  • Sentence Typology A (אִם־כֵּ֔ן לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֖ה אָנֹ֑כִי): M-P-S
    • GKC note the phrase אם־כן as signaling a conditional “if it is so” (159v).
    • The interrogative is strengthened by the demonstrative, זה (GKC 136c).
  • Sentence Typology 3 (וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ לִדְרֹ֥שׁ אֶת־יְהוָֽה): V-M

Verse 23

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה לָ֗הּ שְׁנֵ֤י גֹיִים בְּבִטְנֵ֔ךְ וּשְׁנֵ֣י לְאֻמִּ֔ים מִמֵּעַ֖יִךְ יִפָּרֵ֑דוּ וּלְאֹם֙ מִלְאֹ֣ם יֶֽאֱמָ֔ץ וְרַ֖ב יַעֲבֹ֥ד צָעִֽיר): V-S-IO-O
    • Qere: גוֹיִם֙.
  • Sentence Typology A (שְׁנֵ֤י גֹיִים בְּבִטְנֵ֔ךְ): S-P
    • A cardinal number may be placed before a noun in a construct relationship.
  • Sentence Typology B (וּשְׁנֵ֣י לְאֻמִּ֔ים מִמֵּעַ֖יִךְ יִפָּרֵ֑דוּ): S-M-V
  • Sentence Typology C (וּלְאֹם֙ מִלְאֹ֣ם יֶֽאֱמָ֔ץ): S-M-V
  • Sentence Typology D (וְרַ֖ב יַעֲבֹ֥ד צָעִֽיר): S-V-O
    • Each adjective, רב and צעיר, is used substantively.

Verse 24

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיִּמְלְא֥וּ יָמֶ֖יהָ לָלֶ֑דֶת): V-S-M
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וְהִנֵּ֥ה תוֹמִ֖ם בְּבִטְנָֽהּ): P
    • The aleph of תואמם may be lost resulting in תומם.

Verse 25

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֵּצֵ֤א הָרִאשׁוֹן֙ אַדְמוֹנִ֔י כֻּלּ֖וֹ כְּאַדֶּ֣רֶת שֵׂעָ֑ר): V-S-M
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וַיִּקְרְא֥וּ שְׁמ֖וֹ עֵשָֽׂו): V-O-OC

Verse 26

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וְאַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֞ן יָצָ֣א אָחִ֗יו): M-V-S
    • The modifying phrase is sequential.
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וְיָד֤וֹ אֹחֶ֙זֶת֙ בַּעֲקֵ֣ב עֵשָׂ֔ו): S-V-O
    • The participle is functioning as a finite verb and is sequenced with beth to mark its object.
  • Sentence Typology 3 (וַיִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ יַעֲקֹ֑ב): V-O-OC
  • Sentence Typology 4 (וְיִצְחָ֛ק בֶּן־שִׁשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה בְּלֶ֥דֶת אֹתָֽם): S-P
    • The idiom of age is used—“son of X years.”
  • Sentence Typology A (בְּלֶ֥דֶת אֹתָֽם): V-O
    • The beth is used to mark a temporal clause, “when.”

 

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Dec 19 2006

Genesis 25:22-26

Published by Hardy at 10:44 am under Genesis

וַיִּתְרֹֽצֲצ֤וּ הַבָּנִים֙ בְּקִרְבָּ֔הּ וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אִם־כֵּ֔ן לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֖ה אָנֹ֑כִי וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ לִדְרֹ֥שׁ אֶת־יְהוָֽה׃ 23 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה לָ֗הּ שְׁנֵ֤י [גֹיִים] בְּבִטְנֵ֔ךְ וּשְׁנֵ֣י לְאֻמִּ֔ים מִמֵּעַ֖יִךְ יִפָּרֵ֑דוּ וּלְאֹם֙ מִלְאֹ֣ם יֶֽאֱמָ֔ץ וְרַ֖ב יַעֲבֹ֥ד צָעִֽיר׃ 24 וַיִּמְלְא֥וּ יָמֶ֖יהָ לָלֶ֑דֶת וְהִנֵּ֥ה תוֹמִ֖ם בְּבִטְנָֽהּ׃ 25 וַיֵּצֵ֤א הָרִאשׁוֹן֙ אַדְמוֹנִ֔י כֻּלּ֖וֹ כְּאַדֶּ֣רֶת שֵׂעָ֑ר וַיִּקְרְא֥וּ שְׁמ֖וֹ עֵשָֽׂו׃ 26 וְאַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֞ן יָצָ֣א אָחִ֗יו וְיָד֤וֹ אֹחֶ֙זֶת֙ בַּעֲקֵ֣ב עֵשָׂ֔ו וַיִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ יַעֲקֹ֑ב וְיִצְחָ֛ק בֶּן־שִׁשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה בְּלֶ֥דֶת אֹתָֽם׃

Vocabulary

Verse 22

רצץ  verb (Hithpoel waw-consecutive imperfect 3mpl): “crush one another” (BDB, 954)

            דרשׁ  verb: “inquire, seek”

Verse 23

            בטן  “womb”

            לאם  “people” (BDB, 522)

            מעה  “womb” (BDB, 588)

            פרד  verb (Niphal imperfect 3mpl): “divide” (BDB, 825)

            אמץ  verb: “be strong” (BDB, 54)

            צעיר  “young” (BDB, 859)

Verse 24

            תומם  “twins” (BDB, 1060)

Verse 25

            אדמוני  “red, ruddy” (BDB, 10)

            אדרת  “cloak” (BDB, 12)

            שֹער  “hair” (BDB, 972)

            עשו  name: “Esau”

Verse 26

            אחז  verb (Qal active participle fs): “grasp”

            עקב  “heel” (BDB, 784)

            יעקב  name: “Jacob”

            יצחק  name: “Isaac”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 22

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיִּתְרֹֽצֲצ֤וּ הַבָּנִים֙ בְּקִרְבָּ֔הּ): V-S-M
    • The Poel stem is analogous to the Piel for geminate (and middle weak) verbs and is reflexive as a Hithpoel—“They crush each other.”
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אִם־כֵּ֔ן לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֖ה אָנֹ֑כִי): V-O
  • Sentence Typology A (אִם־כֵּ֔ן לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֖ה אָנֹ֑כִי): M-P-S
    • GKC note the phrase אם־כן as signaling a conditional “if it is so” (159v).
    • The interrogative is strengthened by the demonstrative, זה (GKC 136c).
  • Sentence Typology 3 (וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ לִדְרֹ֥שׁ אֶת־יְהוָֽה): V-M

Verse 23

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה לָ֗הּ שְׁנֵ֤י גֹיִים בְּבִטְנֵ֔ךְ וּשְׁנֵ֣י לְאֻמִּ֔ים מִמֵּעַ֖יִךְ יִפָּרֵ֑דוּ וּלְאֹם֙ מִלְאֹ֣ם יֶֽאֱמָ֔ץ וְרַ֖ב יַעֲבֹ֥ד צָעִֽיר): V-S-IO-O
    • Qere: גוֹיִם֙.
  • Sentence Typology A (שְׁנֵ֤י גֹיִים בְּבִטְנֵ֔ךְ): S-P
    • A cardinal number may be placed before a noun in a construct relationship.
  • Sentence Typology B (וּשְׁנֵ֣י לְאֻמִּ֔ים מִמֵּעַ֖יִךְ יִפָּרֵ֑דוּ): S-M-V
  • Sentence Typology C (וּלְאֹם֙ מִלְאֹ֣ם יֶֽאֱמָ֔ץ): S-M-V
  • Sentence Typology D (וְרַ֖ב יַעֲבֹ֥ד צָעִֽיר): S-V-O
    • Each adjective, רב and צעיר, is used substantively.

Verse 24

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיִּמְלְא֥וּ יָמֶ֖יהָ לָלֶ֑דֶת): V-S-M
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וְהִנֵּ֥ה תוֹמִ֖ם בְּבִטְנָֽהּ): P
    • The aleph of תואמם may be lost resulting in תומם.

Verse 25

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֵּצֵ֤א הָרִאשׁוֹן֙ אַדְמוֹנִ֔י כֻּלּ֖וֹ כְּאַדֶּ֣רֶת שֵׂעָ֑ר): V-S-M
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וַיִּקְרְא֥וּ שְׁמ֖וֹ עֵשָֽׂו): V-O-OC

Verse 26

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וְאַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֞ן יָצָ֣א אָחִ֗יו): M-V-S
    • The modifying phrase is sequential.
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וְיָד֤וֹ אֹחֶ֙זֶת֙ בַּעֲקֵ֣ב עֵשָׂ֔ו): S-V-O
    • The participle is functioning as a finite verb and is sequenced with beth to mark its object.
  • Sentence Typology 3 (וַיִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ יַעֲקֹ֑ב): V-O-OC
  • Sentence Typology 4 (וְיִצְחָ֛ק בֶּן־שִׁשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה בְּלֶ֥דֶת אֹתָֽם): S-P
    • The idiom of age is used—“son of X years.”
  • Sentence Typology A (בְּלֶ֥דֶת אֹתָֽם): V-O
    • The beth is used to mark a temporal clause, “when.”

 

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