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וַיֹּ֧סֶף אַבְרָהָ֛ם וַיִּקַּ֥ח אִשָּׁ֖ה וּשְׁמָ֥הּ קְטוּרָֽה׃ 2 וַתֵּ֣לֶד ל֗וֹ אֶת־זִמְרָן֙ וְאֶת־יָקְשָׁ֔ן וְאֶת־מְדָ֖ן וְאֶת־מִדְיָ֑ן וְאֶת־יִשְׁבָּ֖ק וְאֶת־שֽׁוּחַ׃ 3 וְיָקְשָׁ֣ן יָלַ֔ד אֶת־שְׁבָ֖א וְאֶת־דְּדָ֑ן וּבְנֵ֣י דְדָ֔ן הָי֛וּ אַשּׁוּרִ֥ם וּלְטוּשִׁ֖ים וּלְאֻמִּֽים׃ 4 וּבְנֵ֣י מִדְיָ֗ן עֵיפָ֤ה וָעֵ֙פֶר֙ וַחֲנֹ֔ךְ וַאֲבִידָ֖ע וְאֶלְדָּעָ֑ה כָּל־אֵ֖לֶּה בְּנֵ֥י קְטוּרָֽה׃

Vocabulary

Verse 1

            קטורה  name: “Keturah”

Verse 2

            זמרן  name: “Zimran”

            יקשׁן  name: “Jokshan”

            מדן  name: “Medan”

            מדין  name: “Midian”

            ישׁבק  name: “Ishbak”

            שׁוח  name: “Shuah”

Verse 3

            שׁבא  name: “Sheba”

            דדן  name: “Dedan”

            אשׁורם  name: “Asshurim”

            לטושׁים  name: “Letushim”

            לאמים  name: “Leummim”

Verse 4

            עיפה  name: “Ephah”

            עפר  name: “Epher”

            חנך  name: “Enoch”

            אבידע  name: “Abida”

            אלדעה  name: “Eldaah”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 1

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֹּ֧סֶף אַבְרָהָ֛ם): V-S
• The first two finite clauses are coordinated to form a complementary verbal idea (GKC 120d).  Regularly this occurs with the verbs: שׁוב “return” and יסף “add.”  In English, an adverb is used—“He again took a wife.”
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַיִּקַּ֥ח אִשָּׁ֖ה): V-O
• Sentence Typology 3 (וּשְׁמָ֥הּ קְטוּרָֽה): S-P
• The 3fs suffix marked by mappiq refers to אשׁה in the previous clause.

Verse 2

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַתֵּ֣לֶד ל֗וֹ אֶת־זִמְרָן֙ וְאֶת־יָקְשָׁ֔ן וְאֶת־מְדָ֖ן וְאֶת־מִדְיָ֑ן וְאֶת־יִשְׁבָּ֖ק וְאֶת־שֽׁוּחַ): V-M-O

Verse 3

• Sentence Typology 1 (וְיָקְשָׁ֣ן יָלַ֔ד אֶת־שְׁבָ֖א וְאֶת־דְּדָ֑ן): S-V-O
• The waw disjunctive separates the lineages of the aforementioned sons.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וּבְנֵ֣י דְדָ֔ן הָי֛וּ אַשּׁוּרִ֥ם וּלְטוּשִׁ֖ים וּלְאֻמִּֽים): S-V-SC

Verse 4

• Sentence Typology 1 (וּבְנֵ֣י מִדְיָ֗ן עֵיפָ֤ה וָעֵ֙פֶר֙ וַחֲנֹ֔ךְ וַאֲבִידָ֖ע וְאֶלְדָּעָ֑ה): S-P
• The pattern from the second clause of verse three is continued without the explicit היה verb.
• Sentence Typology 2 (כָּל־אֵ֖לֶּה בְּנֵ֥י קְטוּרָֽה): S-P

וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃ 24 דַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֗דֶשׁ יִהְיֶ֤ה לָכֶם֙ שַׁבָּת֔וֹן זִכְר֥וֹן תְּרוּעָ֖ה מִקְרָא־קֹֽדֶשׁ׃ 25 כָּל־מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֑וּ וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַיהוָֽה׃ ס

Vocabulary

Verse 4

            שׁביעי  ordinal number: “seventh”

            שׁבתון  noun: “Sabbath” (BDB, 992)

            זכרון  noun: “memorial” (BDB, 272)

            תדועה  noun: “blast (of trumpet/shofar)” (BDB, 930)

            מקדא  noun: “convocation”

Verse 5

            מלאכה  “work”

            עבדה  “labor”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 3

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר): V-S-IO-M
• The object is the following quotation.
• Conjunctive dagesh, or conjunctivum, is regularly used when לאמר follows משׁה (cf. Exodus 6:10, 29; 15:24; GKC 20c n.2)

Verse 4

• Embedded Typology A (דַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר): V-IO-M-O
• Asyndeton marks the introduction of the direct speech.
• The quotation is further embedded.
• Embedded Typology i (בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֗דֶשׁ יִהְיֶ֤ה לָכֶם֙ שַׁבָּת֔וֹן זִכְר֥וֹן תְּרוּעָ֖ה מִקְרָא־קֹֽדֶשׁ): M-V-M-SC-M
• The phrase, באחד לחדשׁ, refers to the “first day of the month.”
• The name Rosh Hashanah ראשׁ השׁנה is not found in the Hebrew Bible.
• The construct phrase, זכרון תרועה, may be understood as appositional—“a memorial with a trumpet blast.”

Verse 5

• Embedded Typology ii (כָּל־מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֑וּ): O-V
• Asyndeton explains further instructions for the observance.
• The construct is attributive, “laborious work.”
• Embedded Typology iii (וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַיהוָֽה):  V-M
• The Hiphil of קרב implies the bringing of a sacrifice.

וַיְסַפֵּ֥ר הָעֶ֖בֶד לְיִצְחָ֑ק אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָֽׂה׃ 67 וַיְבִאֶ֣הָ יִצְחָ֗ק הָאֹ֙הֱלָה֙ שָׂרָ֣ה אִמּ֔וֹ וַיִּקַּ֧ח אֶת־רִבְקָ֛ה וַתְּהִי־ל֥וֹ לְאִשָּׁ֖ה וַיֶּאֱהָבֶ֑הָ וַיִּנָּחֵ֥ם יִצְחָ֖ק אַחֲרֵ֥י אִמּֽוֹ׃ פ

Vocabulary

Verse 66

            ספר  verb (Piel waw-consecutive imperfect 3ms): “relate”

Verse 67

            נחם  verb (Niphal waw-consecutive imperfect 3ms): “console oneself”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 66

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיְסַפֵּ֥ר הָעֶ֖בֶד לְיִצְחָ֑ק אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָֽׂה): V-S-IO-O
• Embedded Typology A (עָשָֽׂה): V
• The relative clause modifies the previous noun הדברים “deeds, things.”

Verse 67

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיְבִאֶ֣הָ יִצְחָ֗ק הָאֹ֙הֱלָה֙ שָׂרָ֣ה אִמּ֔וֹ): V-O-S-M
• The 3fs suffix with ויבאה functions as the verbal object.
• The word, האלה, includes a directive he.
• The final word is in apposition to the previous proper noun (GKC 127f wishes to omit the final phrase as a subsequent explanative addition; the LXX includes only the second word as a genitive phrase—τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ).
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַיִּקַּ֧ח אֶת־רִבְקָ֛ה): V-O
• Sentence Typology 3 (וַתְּהִי־ל֥וֹ לְאִשָּׁ֖ה): V-IO-O
• This construction follows the typical Hebrew idiom of covenant making.
• Sentence Typology 4 (וַיֶּאֱהָבֶ֑הָ): V-O
• Again, the final 3fs suffix serves as verbal object (see first clause above).
• Sentence Typology 5 (וַיִּנָּחֵ֥ם יִצְחָ֖ק אַחֲרֵ֥י אִמּֽוֹ): V-S-M
• The final phrase is temporal, אחרי “after,” probably referring to Sarah’s death (cf. כִּ֤י מַה־חֶפְצֹ֣ו בְּבֵיתֹ֣ו אַחֲרָ֑יו Job 21:21; מִתְהַלֵּ֣ךְ בְּתֻמֹּ֣ו צַדִּ֑יק אַשְׁרֵ֖י בָנָ֣יו אַחֲרָֽיו Proverbs 20:7).

וְיִצְחָק֙ בָּ֣א מִבּ֔וֹא בְּאֵ֥ר לַחַ֖י רֹאִ֑י וְה֥וּא יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּאֶ֥רֶץ הַנֶּֽגֶב׃ 63 וַיֵּצֵ֥א יִצְחָ֛ק לָשׂ֥וּחַ בַּשָּׂדֶ֖ה לִפְנ֣וֹת עָ֑רֶב וַיִּשָּׂ֤א עֵינָיו֙ וַיַּ֔רְא וְהִנֵּ֥ה גְמַלִּ֖ים בָּאִֽים׃ 64 וַתִּשָּׂ֤א רִבְקָה֙ אֶת־עֵינֶ֔יהָ וַתֵּ֖רֶא אֶת־יִצְחָ֑ק וַתִּפֹּ֖ל מֵעַ֥ל הַגָּמָֽל׃ 65 וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־הָעֶ֗בֶד מִֽי־הָאִ֤ישׁ הַלָּזֶה֙ הַהֹלֵ֤ךְ בַּשָּׂדֶה֙ לִקְרָאתֵ֔נוּ וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הָעֶ֖בֶד ה֣וּא אֲדֹנִ֑י וַתִּקַּ֥ח הַצָּעִ֖יף וַתִּתְכָּֽס׃

Vocabulary

Verse 62

            יצחק  name: “Isaac”

            באר  “well”

            לחי ראי  name: “Lahai Roi” (meaning uncertain)

Verse 63

            שוח  verb: “rove about, stroll” [?] (BDB, 962)

            גמל  “camel”

Verse 64

            רבקה  name: “Rebekah”

Verse 65

            הלזה  “this” (BDB, 229)

            צעיף  “veil” (BDB, 858)

            כסה  verb: “cover”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 62

• Sentence Typology 1 (וְיִצְחָק֙ בָּ֣א מִבּ֔וֹא בְּאֵ֥ר לַחַ֖י רֹאִ֑י): S-V-M
• The initial waw is disjunctive.
• The adverbial modifier is a participial phrase.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וְה֥וּא יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּאֶ֥רֶץ הַנֶּֽגֶב׃): S-V-M
• The periphrastic clause construction assumes the verb היה “to be.”

Verse 63

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֵּצֵ֥א יִצְחָ֛ק לָשׂ֥וּחַ בַּשָּׂדֶ֖ה לִפְנ֣וֹת עָ֑רֶב): V-S-M
• The meaning of the infinitive, שוח, is dubious.
• The rare temporal idiom, לפנות ערב, uses lamed plus infinitive construct to express time (also Deuteronomy 23:12, with בקר in Exodus 14:27 and Judges 19:26; cf. GKC 114f n1).
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַיִּשָּׂ֤א עֵינָיו֙): V-O
• Sentence Typology 3 (וַיַּ֔רְא): V
• Sentence Typology 4 (וְהִנֵּ֥ה גְמַלִּ֖ים בָּאִֽים): S-V
• הנה may be used in narration to indicate surprise or astonishment from the standpoint of a character in this case Isaac.
• See GKC 122d for a discussion of the gender of גמל.

Verse 64

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַתִּשָּׂ֤א רִבְקָה֙ אֶת־עֵינֶ֔יהָ): V-S-O
• The literary repetition should be noted.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַתֵּ֖רֶא אֶת־יִצְחָ֑ק): V-O
• Sentence Typology 3 (וַתִּפֹּ֖ל מֵעַ֥ל הַגָּמָֽל): V-M
• The connotation of נפל is not an accidental plunge but intentional dismounting of an animal.

Verse 65

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־הָעֶ֗בֶד מִֽי־הָאִ֤ישׁ הַלָּזֶה֙ הַהֹלֵ֤ךְ בַּשָּׂדֶה֙ לִקְרָאתֵ֔נוּ): V-IO-O
• The object is direct speech.
• Embedded Typology A (מִֽי־הָאִ֤ישׁ הַלָּזֶה֙ הַהֹלֵ֤ךְ בַּשָּׂדֶה֙ לִקְרָאתֵ֔נוּ): S-P (or P-S)
• The participle, ההלך, serves as an adjective along with הלזה (a secondary form of זה; GKC 34f) agreeing in gender, number and definiteness.
• Embedded Typology i (לִקְרָאתֵ֔נוּ): V-O
• The suffix serves as the object of the infinitive.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הָעֶ֖בֶד ה֣וּא אֲדֹנִ֑י): V-S-O
• The object is direct speech.
• Embedded Typology A (ה֣וּא אֲדֹנִ֑י): S-P
• Sentence Typology 3 (וַתִּקַּ֥ח הַצָּעִ֖יף): V-O
• Sentence Typology 4 (וַתִּתְכָּֽס): V
• Indicating the צעיף, בו may be understood in the final clause.

וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ נִקְרָ֣א לַֽנַּעֲרָ֑ וְנִשְׁאֲלָ֖ה אֶת־פִּֽיהָ׃ 58 וַיִּקְרְא֤וּ לְרִבְקָה֙ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יהָ הֲתֵלְכִ֖י עִם־הָאִ֣ישׁ הַזֶּ֑ה וַתֹּ֖אמֶר אֵלֵֽךְ׃ 59 וַֽיְשַׁלְּח֛וּ אֶת־רִבְקָ֥ה אֲחֹתָ֖ם וְאֶת־מֵנִקְתָּ֑הּ וְאֶת־עֶ֥בֶד אַבְרָהָ֖ם וְאֶת־אֲנָשָֽׁיו׃ 60 וַיְבָרֲכ֤וּ אֶת־רִבְקָה֙ וַיֹּ֣אמְרוּ לָ֔הּ אֲחֹתֵ֕נוּ אַ֥תְּ הֲיִ֖י לְאַלְפֵ֣י רְבָבָ֑ה וְיִירַ֣שׁ זַרְעֵ֔ךְ אֵ֖ת שַׁ֥עַר שֹׂנְאָֽיו׃ 61 וַתָּ֨קָם רִבְקָ֜ה וְנַעֲרֹתֶ֗יהָ וַתִּרְכַּ֙בְנָה֙ עַל־הַגְּמַלִּ֔ים וַתֵּלַ֖כְנָה אַחֲרֵ֣י הָאִ֑ישׁ וַיִּקַּ֥ח הָעֶ֛בֶד אֶת־רִבְקָ֖ה וַיֵּלַֽךְ׃

Vocabulary

Verse 57

            נער  noun: “young woman, girl”

Verse 58

            רבקה  name: “Rebekah”

Verse 59

            אחות  “sister”

            מינקת  “nurse” (BDB, 413)

Verse 60

            רבבה  “multitude, myriad” (BDB, 914)

            שֹנא  “enemy” (BDB, 971)

Verse 61

            רכב  verb: “mount”

            גמל  “camel”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 57

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ נִקְרָ֣א לַֽנַּעֲרָ֑ וְנִשְׁאֲלָ֖ה אֶת־פִּֽיהָ): V-O
• The object is direct speech.
• Embedded Typology A (נִקְרָ֣א לַֽנַּעֲרָ֑): V-M
• Embedded Typology B (וְנִשְׁאֲלָ֖ה אֶת־פִּֽיהָ): V-O
• The cohortative is marked with the second verb but not the first.
• The idiom, “ask her mouth,” is understood as “inquire as to her will.”

Verse 58

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיִּקְרְא֤וּ לְרִבְקָה֙): V-IO
• The first two verbs form a verbal hendiadys.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יהָ הֲתֵלְכִ֖י עִם־הָאִ֣ישׁ הַזֶּ֑ה): V-IO-O
• The object is direct speech.
• Embedded Typology A (הֲתֵלְכִ֖י עִם־הָאִ֣ישׁ הַזֶּ֑ה): V-M
• The clause initial he is an interrogative marker.
• GKC notes that the affirmative answer is expected (150n).
• The demonstrative agrees in gender, number and definiteness.
• Sentence Typology 3 (וַתֹּ֖אמֶר אֵלֵֽךְ): V-O
• The response is indicated by the repetition of the verb, אמר, and the shift to 2fs subject.
• The object is direct speech.
• Embedded Typology A (אֵלֵֽךְ): V
• The deictic shifts to the first person directly relating Rebekah’s response.

Verse 59

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַֽיְשַׁלְּח֛וּ אֶת־רִבְקָ֥ה אֲחֹתָ֖ם וְאֶת־מֵנִקְתָּ֑הּ וְאֶת־עֶ֥בֶד אַבְרָהָ֖ם וְאֶת־אֲנָשָֽׁיו): V-O
• The compound object includes four elements each marked by the direct object marker, את, and separated by waw.
• The description, אחות, is in apposition to the proper name, רבקה.

Verse 60

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיְבָרֲכ֤וּ אֶת־רִבְקָה֙): V-O
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַיֹּ֣אמְרוּ לָ֔הּ אֲחֹתֵ֕נוּ אַ֥תְּ הֲיִ֖י לְאַלְפֵ֣י רְבָבָ֑ה וְיִירַ֣שׁ זַרְעֵ֔ךְ אֵ֖ת שַׁ֥עַר שֹׂנְאָֽיו): V-IO-O
• The direct object is poetic speech.
• Embedded Typology A (אֲחֹתֵ֕נוּ אַ֥תְּ הֲיִ֖י לְאַלְפֵ֣י רְבָבָ֑ה):
• The subject is fronted possibly as a vocative—“O our sister.”
• The initial vowel of the feminine imperative, היי, is a compound shewa (GKC 63q).
• The sequencing of היה with ל yields the idea of transformation or begetting.
• The numeral construct phrase, אלפי רבבה, indicates an indeterminable number.
• Embedded Typology B (וְיִירַ֣שׁ זַרְעֵ֔ךְ אֵ֖ת שַׁ֥עַר שֹׂנְאָֽיו): V-S-O
• The participle, שֹנא, functions as a substantive and member of a construct phrase.
• The 3ms suffix refers to the noun זרע.

Verse 61

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַתָּ֨קָם רִבְקָ֜ה וְנַעֲרֹתֶ֗יהָ): V-S
• The feminine singular verb is used in conjunction with feminine singular and plural subjects (GKC 146g).
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַתִּרְכַּ֙בְנָה֙ עַל־הַגְּמַלִּ֔ים): V-M
• Sentence Typology 3 (וַתֵּלַ֖כְנָה אַחֲרֵ֣י הָאִ֑ישׁ): V-M
• Sentence Typology 4 (וַיִּקַּ֥ח הָעֶ֛בֶד אֶת־רִבְקָ֖ה): V-S-O
• Sentence Typology 5 (וַיֵּלַֽךְ): V
• The final verb is in pause (normal waw-consecutive, וַיֵּלֶךְ)׃