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וַֽיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַתֹּ֤אמֶר הַבְּכִירָה֙ אֶל־הַצְּעִירָ֔ה הֵן־שָׁכַ֥בְתִּי אֶ֖מֶשׁ אֶת־אָבִ֑י נַשְׁקֶ֨נּוּ יַ֜יִן גַּם־הַלַּ֗יְלָה וּבֹ֙אִי֙ שִׁכְבִ֣י עִמּ֔וֹ וּנְחַיֶּ֥ה מֵאָבִ֖ינוּ זָֽרַע׃ 35 וַתַּשְׁקֶ֜יןָ גַּ֣ם בַּלַּ֧יְלָה הַה֛וּא אֶת־אֲבִיהֶ֖ן יָ֑יִן וַתָּ֤קָם הַצְּעִירָה֙ וַתִּשְׁכַּ֣ב עִמּ֔וֹ וְלֹֽא־יָדַ֥ע בְּשִׁכְבָ֖הּ וּבְקֻמָֽהּ׃ 36 וַֽתַּהֲרֶ֛יןָ שְׁתֵּ֥י בְנֽוֹת־ל֖וֹט מֵאֲבִיהֶֽן׃ 37 וַתֵּ֤לֶד הַבְּכִירָה֙ בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ מוֹאָ֑ב ה֥וּא אֲבִֽי־מוֹאָ֖ב עַד־הַיּֽוֹם׃ 38 וְהַצְּעִירָ֤ה גַם־הִוא֙ יָ֣לְדָה בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ בֶּן־עַמִּ֑י ה֛וּא אֲבִ֥י בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֖וֹן עַד־הַיּֽוֹם׃ ס

Vocabulary

Verse 34

            מחרת  “tomorrow” (BDB, 564)

            בכירה  “firstborn” (BDB, 114)

            צעיר  “young” (BDB, 859)

            שׁכב  verb: “lie down”

            אמשׁ  “yesterday” (BDB, 57)

            שׁקה  verb (Hiphil jussive 1cpl with 3ms suffix): “cause to drink”

Verse 35

            צעיר  “young” (BDB, 859)

Verse 36

            חרח  verb (Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect 3fpl): “conceive” (BDB, 247)

Verse 37

            בכירה  “firstborn” (BDB, 114)

            מואב  name: “Moab”

Verse 38

            צעיר  “young” (BDB, 859)

            אמון  name: “Ammon”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 34

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַֽיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת): V-SC
• The verbal construction, ויהי, is oft used to express time (GKC 111g).
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַתֹּ֤אמֶר הַבְּכִירָה֙ אֶל־הַצְּעִירָ֔ה הֵן־שָׁכַ֥בְתִּי אֶ֖מֶשׁ אֶת־אָבִ֑י נַשְׁקֶ֨נּוּ יַ֜יִן גַּם־הַלַּ֗יְלָה וּבֹ֙אִי֙ שִׁכְבִ֣י עִמּ֔וֹ וּנְחַיֶּ֥ה מֵאָבִ֖ינוּ זָֽרַע): V-S-IO-O
• The adjective, צעיר, is used as a substantive (GKC 133f).
• The object is direct speech.
• Embedded Typology 1 (הֵן־שָׁכַ֥בְתִּי אֶ֖מֶשׁ אֶת־אָבִ֑י): V-M-O
• The verb, שׁכב, can imply sexual relations.
• Embedded Typology 2 (נַשְׁקֶ֨נּוּ יַ֜יִן גַּם־הַלַּ֗יְלָה): V-O-O-M
• The imperfect in first position (asyndetic) is jussive or modal (“Let us make him drink”).
• The definite article is functioning as a demonstrative, הַלַּ֗יְלָה “this night/tonight” (GKC 126b).
• Embedded Typology 3 (וּבֹ֙אִי֙): V
• The two imperatives without copula denote a joint verbal idea.
• Embedded Typology 4 (שִׁכְבִ֣י עִמּ֔וֹ): V-M
• Embedded Typology 5 (וּנְחַיֶּ֥ה מֵאָבִ֖ינוּ זָֽרַע): V-M-O
• The Piel verb, חיה, is transitive.

Verse 35

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַתַּשְׁקֶ֜יןָ גַּ֣ם בַּלַּ֧יְלָה הַה֛וּא אֶת־אֲבִיהֶ֖ן יָ֑יִן): V-M-O-O
• The Hiphil of שׁקה takes two objects.
• Unlike verse 33, the demonstrative, הַה֛וּא, takes the article.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַתָּ֤קָם הַצְּעִירָה֙): V-S
• Sentence Typology 3 (וַתִּשְׁכַּ֣ב עִמּ֔וֹ): V-M
• Sentence Typology 4 (וְלֹֽא־יָדַ֥ע בְּשִׁכְבָ֖הּ וּבְקֻמָֽהּ): V-M-M
• The modifiers are infinitive clauses.
• Embedded Typology 1 (בְּשִׁכְבָ֖הּ): V-S
• The beth is temporal—“when.”
• The pronominal suffix is subjective.
• Embedded Typology 2 (וּבְקֻמָֽהּ): V-s

Verse 36

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַֽתַּהֲרֶ֛יןָ שְׁתֵּ֥י בְנֽוֹת־ל֖וֹט מֵאֲבִיהֶֽן): V-S-M
• The feminine plural ending נָה of the verb is reduced to ןָ (GKC 47l).
• The subject clause is a three member construct phrase, שְׁתֵּ֥י בְנֽוֹת־ל֖וֹט “the two daughters of Lot.”
• The מִן phrase denotes instrumentation, “by.”

Verse 37

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַתֵּ֤לֶד הַבְּכִירָה֙ בֵּ֔ן): V-S-O
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ מוֹאָ֑ב): V-O-OC
• The object complement is understood as the predication of the object clause.
• Sentence Typology 3 (ה֥וּא אֲבִֽי־מוֹאָ֖ב עַד־הַיּֽוֹם): S-P
• Asyndeton is used to explain the significance of the name.
• The naming formula designates the patronage of this people group.
• The prefixed article, הַיּֽוֹם, is used as a demonstrative, “this day/today.”

Verse 38

• Sentence Typology 1 (וְהַצְּעִירָ֤ה גַם־הִוא֙ יָ֣לְדָה בֵּ֔ן): S-V-O
• The appellation of the younger daughter, וְהַצְּעִירָ֤ה, is fronted and replaced in the clause by the pronoun, הוא.
• The pronoun is pointed as if the consonantal text was היא “she” and not חוא “he.”  This is a perpetual Kethib Qere like the divine name.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ בֶּן־עַמִּ֑י): V-O-OC
• The moniker, בֶּן־עַמִּ֑י (son of my father), is appropriate.
• Sentence Typology 3 (ה֛וּא אֲבִ֥י בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֖וֹן עַד־הַיּֽוֹם): S-P
• Asyndeton again is used in this naming formula.
• The predicate of the verbless clause is made up of the three member construct phrase, אֲבִ֥י בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֖וֹן.
• The prefixed article, הַיּֽוֹם, is used as a demonstrative, “this day/today.”

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