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ק֚וּמִי שְׂאִ֣י אֶת־הַנַּ֔עַר וְהַחֲזִ֥יקִי אֶת־יָדֵ֖ךְ בּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־לְג֥וֹי גָּד֖וֹל אֲשִׂימֶֽנּוּ׃ 19 וַיִּפְקַ֤ח אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶת־עֵינֶ֔יהָ וַתֵּ֖רֶא בְּאֵ֣ר מָ֑יִם וַתֵּ֜לֶךְ וַתְּמַלֵּ֤א אֶת־הַחֵ֙מֶת֙ מַ֔יִם וַתַּ֖שְׁקְ אֶת־הַנָּֽעַר׃ 20 וַיְהִ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הַנַּ֖עַר וַיִּגְדָּ֑ל וַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וַיְהִ֖י רֹבֶ֥ה קַשָּֽׁת׃ 21 וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב בְּמִדְבַּ֣ר פָּארָ֑ן וַתִּֽקַּֽח־ל֥וֹ אִמּ֛וֹ אִשָּׁ֖ה מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ פ

Vocabulary

Verse 18

            חזק  verb (Hiphil imperfect fs): “take hold of”

Verse 19

            פקח  verb (Qal waw-consecutive imperfect 3ms): “open” (BDB, 824)

            באר  “well, pit” (BDB, 91)

            חמת  “waterskin” (BDB, 332)

            שׁקה  verb (Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect 3fs): “cause to drink”

Verse 20

            גדל  verb: “grow up”

            מדבר  “desert”

            רבה  verb: “shoot” (BDB, 916)

            קשׁת  “bowman” (BDB, 906)

Verse 21

            פארן  name: “Paran”

            מצרים  “Egypt”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 18

• Sentence Typology 1 (ק֚וּמִי שְׂאִ֣י אֶת־הַנַּ֔עַר): V-V-O
• This clause continues the direct speech of God’s messenger from the previous verse.
• The double imperatives with the first a verb of motion function together as one verbal idea.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וְהַחֲזִ֥יקִי אֶת־יָדֵ֖ךְ בּ֑וֹ): V-M-O
• The object is sequence with the beth preposition; whereas אֵת marks the preposition “with.”
• Sentence Typology 3 (כִּֽי־לְג֥וֹי גָּד֖וֹל אֲשִׂימֶֽנּוּ): M-V-O

Verse 19

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיִּפְקַ֤ח אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶת־עֵינֶ֔יהָ): V-S-O
• The final vowel of the verb is a-class because of the final guttural, ח.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַתֵּ֖רֶא בְּאֵ֣ר מָ֑יִם): V-O
• The final he of ראה is apocopated because of the retraction of stress with the addition of the waw.
• The object phrase is a construct phrase.
• Sentence Typology 3 (וַתֵּ֜לֶךְ): V
• Sentence Typology4 (וַתְּמַלֵּ֤א אֶת־הַחֵ֙מֶת֙ מַ֔יִם): V-O-M
• The Piel causative is used to denote the filling up of something (GKC 117cc).
• Sentence Typology 5 (וַתַּ֖שְׁקְ אֶת־הַנָּֽעַר): V-O
• As in the second clause above, apocopation causes the deletion of the final he of the verbal root.

Verse 20

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיְהִ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הַנַּ֖עַר): V-S-M
• The אֵת serves as the preposition, “with.”
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַיִּגְדָּ֑ל): V
• Sentence Typology 3 (וַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר): V-M
• Sentence Typology 4 (וַיְהִ֖י רֹבֶ֥ה קַשָּֽׁת): V-SC
• The final two nominals (substantive participle and noun) are appositional.  GKC notes that the apposition probably denotes an explanative gloss (131b).

Verse 21

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב בְּמִדְבַּ֣ר פָּארָ֑ן): V-M
• The difference between the absolute form, בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר, from verse 20 and the construct form, בְּמִדְבַּ֣ר, is the vowel reduction on the ultimate (both words are definite—the first because of the patah under the beth and the second because it is in construct with a proper name, פארן).
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַתִּֽקַּֽח־ל֥וֹ אִמּ֛וֹ אִשָּׁ֖ה מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם): V-IO-O-M
• The feminine subject of לקח is חגר “Hagar.”

AP is reporting the opening of the final coffin from KV63:

Dozens of researchers and media excitedly crammed into the site Wednesday to watch officials crack open the last of seven sarcophagi found inside. Instead of the expected mummy, the coffin revealed embalming materials, dozens of necklaces made from woven flowers and various other religious artifacts.

Covered in resin cast to their owner’s faces, all seven coffins were empty of bodies. Instead of mummies, they were found to contain mostly pottery shards. One small sarcophagus, made for a baby, contained pillows that appeared to be stuffed with feathers.

But Lokma hoped hieroglyphs would help scientists identify who the coffins were made for, and perhaps where the bodies were ultimately buried.

Termites and possibly ancient tomb robbers had damaged the sarcophagi so much that it took months of labor for archaeologists to excavate them. Sixteen of the 28 funeral jars found in the tomb have yet to be opened.

See previous posts Egyptian Tomb Found in Valley of Kings (photos) and Egyptian Tomb Website.

וַיִּכְל֥וּ הַמַּ֖יִם מִן־הַחֵ֑מֶת וַתַּשְׁלֵ֣ךְ אֶת־הַיֶּ֔לֶד תַּ֖חַת אַחַ֥ד הַשִּׂיחִֽם׃ 16 וַתֵּלֶךְ֩ וַתֵּ֨שֶׁב לָ֜הּ מִנֶּ֗גֶד הַרְחֵק֙ כִּמְטַחֲוֵ֣י קֶ֔שֶׁת כִּ֣י אָֽמְרָ֔ה אַל־אֶרְאֶ֖ה בְּמ֣וֹת הַיָּ֑לֶד וַתֵּ֣שֶׁב מִנֶּ֔גֶד וַתִּשָּׂ֥א אֶת־קֹלָ֖הּ וַתֵּֽבְךְּ׃ 17 וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע אֱלֹהִים֮ אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַנַּעַר֒ וַיִּקְרָא֩ מַלְאַ֨ךְ אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ אֶל־הָגָר֙ מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָ֖הּ מַה־לָּ֣ךְ הָגָ֑ר אַל־תִּ֣ירְאִ֔י כִּֽי־שָׁמַ֧ע אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶל־ק֥וֹל הַנַּ֖עַר בַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הוּא־שָֽׁם׃

Vocabulary

Verse 15

            כלה  verb: “used up”

            חמת  “waterskin” (BDB, 332)

            שׁלך  verb (Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect 3fs): “send out”

            שֹיה  “bush” (BDB, 967)

Verse 16

            מנגד  “opposite” (BDB, 617)

            רחק  verb (Hiphil infinitive absolute): “distant”

            טחה  verb (Palel participle mpl construct): “shooters, archers” (BDB, 377)

            קשׁת  noun: “bow”

            בכה  verb: “weep, wail”

Verse 17

            הגר  name: “Hagar”

            באשׁר  “in where” (BDB, 84)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 15

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיִּכְל֥וּ הַמַּ֖יִם מִן־הַחֵ֑מֶת): V-S-M
• The plural subject, הַמַּיִם “water,” agrees with the plural verb.
• The vowel class change (from short a-class, חֲמַת, to long i-class, חֵמֶת) and lengthening is because it is a pausal construction.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַתַּשְׁלֵ֣ךְ אֶת־הַיֶּ֔לֶד תַּ֖חַת אַחַ֥ד הַשִּׂיחִֽם): V-O-M
• The final two words are in a construct relationship.

Verse 16

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַתֵּלֶךְ֩): V
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַתֵּ֨שֶׁב לָ֜הּ מִנֶּ֗גֶד הַרְחֵק֙ כִּמְטַחֲוֵ֣י קֶ֔שֶׁת): V-M
• The lamed with 3fs pronominal suffix, לָהּ, serves as a reflexive, “she sat herself down.”
• Embedded Typology 1 (הַרְחֵק֙): V
• The infinitive absolute is functioning as an adverb of means, or attendant circumstance of place (GKC 113h).
• Embedded Typology 2 (כִּמְטַחֲוֵ֣י קֶ֔שֶׁת): V-O
• The kaf preposition denotes approximate distance—“about.”
• The Palel (cf. GKC 55d) participle functions as a substantive.
• Sentence Typology 3 (כִּ֣י אָֽמְרָ֔ה אַל־אֶרְאֶ֖ה בְּמ֣וֹת הַיָּ֑לֶד): V-O
• The object is direct speech.
• Embedded Sentence 1 (אַל־אֶרְאֶ֖ה בְּמ֣וֹת הַיָּ֑לֶד): V-O
• The cohortative can reflect inward thoughts or deliberation and is rarely used with אַל “let me not see” (GKC 108b).
• The beth introduces the object of the verb ראה (GKC 119k).
• The object is an embedded clause.
• Embedded Sentence A (בְּמ֣וֹת הַיָּ֑לֶד): V-S
• Sentence Typology 4 (וַתֵּ֣שֶׁב מִנֶּ֔גֶד): V-M
• Sentence Typology 5 (וַתִּשָּׂ֥א אֶת־קֹלָ֖הּ): V-O
• The final dagesh, קֹלָהּ, distinguishes the suffix as a 3fs pronominal suffix.
• Sentence Typology 6 (וַתֵּֽבְךְּ): V
• The final he of the root is apocopated.

Verse 17

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע אֱלֹהִים֮ אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַנַּעַר֒): V-S-O
• The object is a construct phrase, קול הנער.
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַיִּקְרָא֩ מַלְאַ֨ךְ אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ אֶל־הָגָר֙ מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם): V-S-IO-M
• Sentence Typology 3 (וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָ֖הּ מַה־לָּ֣ךְ הָגָ֑ר): V-IO-O
• The object is direct speech.
• Embedded Typology 1 (מַה־לָּ֣ךְ הָגָ֑ר): S-P
• The question, מה־לך, connotes “what is the matter with you.”
• The name, הגר, is in apposition to the preceding 2fs pronominal suffix.
• Embedded Typology 2 (אַל־תִּ֣ירְאִ֔י): V
• The direct speech continues with a negative asyndetic clause.
• Embedded Typology 3 (כִּֽי־שָׁמַ֧ע אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶל־ק֥וֹל הַנַּ֖עַר בַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הוּא־שָֽׁם): V-S-O-M
• The כִּי clause marks an explanation of the previous idea (much like γαρ in Greek).
• Embedded Typology A (בַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הוּא־שָֽׁם): S-P
• The verbless clause is introduced by a locative relative (GKC 138e).

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֜ים אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֗ם אַל־יֵרַ֤ע בְּעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ עַל־הַנַּ֣עַר וְעַל־אֲמָתֶ֔ךָ כֹּל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר תֹּאמַ֥ר אֵלֶ֛יךָ שָׂרָ֖ה שְׁמַ֣ע בְּקֹלָ֑הּ כִּ֣י בְיִצְחָ֔ק יִקָּרֵ֥א לְךָ֖ זָֽרַע׃ 13 וְגַ֥ם אֶת־בֶּן־הָאָמָ֖ה לְג֣וֹי אֲשִׂימֶ֑נּוּ כִּ֥י זַרְעֲךָ֖ הֽוּא׃ 14 וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם אַבְרָהָ֣ם ׀ בַּבֹּ֡קֶר וַיִּֽקַּֽח־לֶחֶם֩ וְחֵ֨מַת מַ֜יִם וַיִּתֵּ֣ן אֶל־הָ֠גָר שָׂ֧ם עַל־שִׁכְמָ֛הּ וְאֶת־הַיֶּ֖לֶד וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֶ֑הָ וַתֵּ֣לֶךְ וַתֵּ֔תַע בְּמִדְבַּ֖ר בְּאֵ֥ר שָֽׁבַע׃

Vocabulary

Verse 12

            רעע  verb (Qal jussive 3ms): “be evil, distress”

            אמה  “maidservant”

            זרע  “seed, descendents”

Verse 13

            שֹים  verb (Hiphil imperfect 1cs with 3ms suffix): “make”

Verse 14

            שׁכם  verb: “awake early”

            חמת  “waterskin” (BDB, 332)

            הגר  name: “Hagar”

            שׁכם  “shoulder” (BDB, 1014)

            תעה  verb (Qal waw-consecutive imperfect 3fs): “wander about” (BDB, 1073)

            מדבר  “desert”

            באר שׁבע  name: “Beersheba”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 12

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֜ים אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֗ם אַל־יֵרַ֤ע בְּעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ עַל־הַנַּ֣עַר וְעַל־אֲמָתֶ֔ךָ כֹּל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר תֹּאמַ֥ר אֵלֶ֛יךָ שָׂרָ֖ה שְׁמַ֣ע בְּקֹלָ֑הּ כִּ֣י בְיִצְחָ֔ק יִקָּרֵ֥א לְךָ֖ זָֽרַע׃ וְגַ֥ם אֶת־בֶּן־הָאָמָ֖ה לְג֣וֹי אֲשִׂימֶ֑נּוּ כִּ֥י זַרְעֲךָ֖ הֽוּא): V-S-IO-O
• The object is direct speech.
• Embedded Typology 1 (אַל־יֵרַ֤ע בְּעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ עַל־הַנַּ֣עַר וְעַל־אֲמָתֶ֔ךָ כֹּל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר תֹּאמַ֥ר אֵלֶ֛יךָ שָׂרָ֖ה): V-M-S
• The negative, אַל, is used to negate jussive verbs.
• The order of child and mother is reversed from verse ten,הָאָמָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את וְאֶת־בְּנָ֑הּ.
• The subject includes the following relative clause.
• Embedded Typology 2 (אֲשֶׁ֨ר תֹּאמַ֥ר אֵלֶ֛יךָ שָׂרָ֖ה): [O]-V-IO-S
• Embedded Typology 3 (שְׁמַ֣ע בְּקֹלָ֑הּ): V-M
• The imperative clause is asyndetic.
• The final dagesh, בְּקֹלָהּ, distinguishes the 3fs pronominal suffix from a feminine noun ending.
• Embedded Typology 4 (כִּ֣י בְיִצְחָ֔ק יִקָּרֵ֥א לְךָ֖ זָֽרַע): M-V-O-S
• The clause marked by the Niphal verb is passive.
• The noun, זָרַע, is used as a collective singular (descendents) similar to the word “seed” in English.

Verse 13

• Sentence Typology 5 (וְגַ֥ם אֶת־בֶּן־הָאָמָ֖ה לְג֣וֹי אֲשִׂימֶ֑נּוּ): M-V-O
• The particle, אֵת, is functioning as a preposition.
• Sentence Typology 6 (כִּ֥י זַרְעֲךָ֖ הֽוּא): P-S
• This clause is verbless.

Verse 14

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם אַבְרָהָ֣ם ׀ בַּבֹּ֡קֶר): V-S-M
• Sentence Typology 2 (וַיִּֽקַּֽח־לֶחֶם֩ וְחֵ֨מַת מַ֜יִם): V-O
• See GKC 95l for information on the construct phrase, חֵ֨מַת מַ֜יִם.
• Sentence Typology 3 (וַיִּתֵּ֣ן אֶל־הָ֠גָר שָׂ֧ם עַל־שִׁכְמָ֛הּ וְאֶת־הַיֶּ֖לֶד): V-IO-[O]-M
• The compound object from the previous clause is implied.
• The final dagesh, שִׁכְמָ֛הּ, distinguishes the 3fs pronominal suffix from a feminine noun ending.
• Sentence Typology 4 (וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֶ֑הָ): V-O
• The object of the verb is the 3fs suffix.
• Sentence Typology 5 (וַתֵּ֣לֶךְ): V
• Sentence Typology 6 (וַתֵּ֔תַע בְּמִדְבַּ֖ר בְּאֵ֥ר שָֽׁבַע): V-M

וַתֵּ֨רֶא שָׂרָ֜ה אֶֽת־בֶּן־הָגָ֧ר הַמִּצְרִ֛ית אֲשֶׁר־יָלְדָ֥ה לְאַבְרָהָ֖ם מְצַחֵֽק׃ 10 וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לְאַבְרָהָ֔ם גָּרֵ֛שׁ הָאָמָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את וְאֶת־בְּנָ֑הּ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יִירַשׁ֙ בֶּן־הָאָמָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את עִם־בְּנִ֖י עִם־יִצְחָֽק׃ 11 וַיֵּ֧רַע הַדָּבָ֛ר מְאֹ֖ד בְּעֵינֵ֣י אַבְרָהָ֑ם עַ֖ל אוֹדֹ֥ת בְּנֽוֹ׃

Vocabulary

Verse 9

            הגר  name: “Hagar”

            מצרי  name (fs): “Egyptian”

            צחק  verb (Piel participle ms): “play, jest” (BDB, 850)

Verse 10

            גרשׁ  verb: “drive out” (BDB, 176)

            אמה  “maidservant”

Verse 11

            רעע  verb: “be evil, bad”

            על אודת  “because of” (BDB, 15)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 9

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַתֵּ֨רֶא שָׂרָ֜ה אֶֽת־בֶּן־הָגָ֧ר הַמִּצְרִ֛ית אֲשֶׁר־יָלְדָ֥ה לְאַבְרָהָ֖ם מְצַחֵֽק): V-S-O-OC
• The fs noun המצרית is in apposition to the proper name, הגר.
• Embedded Typology 1 (אֲשֶׁר־יָלְדָ֥ה לְאַבְרָהָ֖ם): V-M

Verse 10

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לְאַבְרָהָ֔ם גָּרֵ֛שׁ הָאָמָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את וְאֶת־בְּנָ֑הּ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יִירַשׁ֙ בֶּן־הָאָמָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את עִם־בְּנִ֖י עִם־יִצְחָֽק): V-IO-O
• The subject, שֹרה, continues from the previous clause.
• The object is direct speech.
• Embedded Typology 1 (גָּרֵ֛שׁ הָאָמָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את וְאֶת־בְּנָ֑הּ): V-O
• The demonstrative, זאת, agrees in gender, number and definiteness as an adjective.
• The final dagesh, בְּנָהּ, distinguishes the 3fs suffix.
• Embedded Typology 1 (כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יִירַשׁ֙ בֶּן־הָאָמָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את עִם־בְּנִ֖י עִם־יִצְחָֽק): V-S
• The final prepositional phrase, עִם־יִצְחָֽק, is appositional to the preceding one.

Verse 11

• Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֵּ֧רַע הַדָּבָ֛ר מְאֹ֖ד בְּעֵינֵ֣י אַבְרָהָ֑ם עַ֖ל אוֹדֹ֥ת בְּנֽוֹ): V-S-M
• Gesenius notes the penultimate stress with the initial verb (67p).