May 23 2006

Genesis 18:31-33

Published by at 6:27 am under Genesis,Grammar

31 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּֽה־נָ֤א הוֹאַ֙לְתִּי֙ לְדַבֵּ֣ר אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֔י אוּלַ֛י יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם עֶשְׂרִ֑ים וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אַשְׁחִ֔ית בַּעֲב֖וּר הָֽעֶשְׂרִֽים׃ 32 וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אַל־נָ֞א יִ֤חַר לַֽאדֹנָי֙ וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה אַךְ־הַפַּ֔עַם אוּלַ֛י יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם עֲשָׂרָ֑ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אַשְׁחִ֔ית בַּעֲב֖וּר הָעֲשָׂרָֽה׃ 33 וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר כִּלָּ֔ה לְדַבֵּ֖ר אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֑ם וְאַבְרָהָ֖ם שָׁ֥ב לִמְקֹמֽוֹ׃

Vocabulary

Verse 31

            יאל  verb (Hiphil perfect 1cs): “undertake” (BDB, 383)

            אולי  “if perhaps” (BDB, 19)

            שׁחת  verb (Hiphil imperfect 2ms): “ruin, destroy”

            בעבור  “on account of” (BDB, 721)

Verse 32

            אולי  “if perhaps” (BDB, 19)

            חרה  verb (Qal jussive 3ms): “burn (with anger), be angry” (BDB, 354)

            פעם  noun: “occurrence”

            בעבור  “on account of” (BDB, 721)

Verse 33

            כלה  verb (Piel perfect 3ms): “finish, complete”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 31

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הִנֵּה־נָ֤א הוֹאַ֙לְתִּי֙ לְדַבֵּ֣ר אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֔י): V-O
    • The embedded object clause is direct speech
  • Embedded Sentence Typology 1 (הִנֵּה־נָ֤א הוֹאַ֙לְתִּי֙ לְדַבֵּ֣ר אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֔י): V-M
    • The embedded clause is an infinitival.
  • Embedded Sentence Typology 2 (לְדַבֵּ֣ר אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֔י): V-O
    • This clause is exactly the same as verse 27
  • Sentence Typology 2 (אוּלַ֛י יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם עֶשְׂרִ֑ים): V-M-S
    • The final letter of the verb, יִמָּצְא֥וּן, is a paragogic nun.
    • The Niphal verb is passive with the agent as God.
  • Sentence Typology 3 (וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אַשְׁחִ֔ית בַּעֲב֖וּר הָֽעֶשְׂרִֽים): V-O
    • The embedded object clause is direct speech.
  • Embedded Sentence Typology 1 (לֹ֣א אַשְׁחִ֔ית בַּעֲב֖וּר הָֽעֶשְׂרִֽים): V-M-[O]
    • The implied object [O] is עיר.

Verse 32

  • Sentence Typology 1 ( וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אַל־נָ֞א יִ֤חַר לַֽאדֹנָי֙ וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה אַךְ־הַפַּ֔עַם אוּלַ֛י יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם עֲשָׂרָ֑ה): V-O
    • The embedded compound object is the quotation.
  • Embedded Sentence Typology 1 (אַל־נָ֞א יִ֤חַר לַֽאדֹנָי֙): V-M
    • The negative participle, אַל, is used with the jussive verb.
    • The verb, חרה, is apocopated losing its final root he.
  • Embedded Sentence Typology 2 (וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה אַךְ־הַפַּ֔עַם): V-M
    • The verb is a cohortative.
    • The adverbial idiom, אַךְ־הַפַּ֔עַם, means “only once more” or “surely one more time.”
  • Embedded Sentence Typology 3 (אוּלַ֛י יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם עֲשָׂרָ֑ה): V-M-S
    • The final letter of the verb, יִמָּצְא֥וּן, is a paragogic nun.
    • The Niphal verb is passive with the agent as God.
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אַשְׁחִ֔ית בַּעֲב֖וּר הָעֲשָׂרָֽה): V-O
    • The embedded object is direct speech.
  • Embedded Sentence Typology 1 (לֹ֣א אַשְׁחִ֔ית בַּעֲב֖וּר הָעֲשָׂרָֽה): V-M-[O]
    • The implied object [O] is עיר.

Verse 33

  • Sentence Typology 1 (וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר כִּלָּ֔ה לְדַבֵּ֖ר אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֑ם): V-S-M
    • The modifier contains a temporal clause.
  • Embedded Sentence Typology 1 (כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר כִּלָּ֔ה לְדַבֵּ֖ר אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֑ם): V-M
    • The relative marker, כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר, is used temporally, “when.”
    • The modifying clause is infinitival.
  • Embedded Sentence Typology 2 (לְדַבֵּ֖ר אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֑ם): V-M
  • Sentence Typology 2 (וְאַבְרָהָ֖ם שָׁ֥ב לִמְקֹמֽוֹ): S-V
    • The waw + nonverb construction indicates a disjunctive or parenthetical relationship, “now.”
    • The verb, שָׁ֥ב, is from the root שׁוב.
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