Apr 25 2006

1 Samuel 5:9-12

Published by at 6:53 am under Grammar,Samuel

וַיְהִ֞י אַחֲרֵ֣י ׀ הֵסַ֣בּוּ אֹת֗וֹ וַתְּהִ֨י יַד־יְהוָ֤ה ׀ בָּעִיר֙ מְהוּמָה֙ גְּדוֹלָ֣ה מְאֹ֔ד וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֣י הָעִ֔יר מִקָּטֹ֖ן וְעַד־גָּד֑וֹל וַיִּשָּׂתְר֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם [עֳפָלִים]׃ 10 וַֽיְשַׁלְּח֛וּ אֶת־אֲר֥וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים עֶקְר֑וֹן וַיְהִ֗י כְּב֨וֹא אֲר֤וֹן הָאֱלֹהִים֙ עֶקְר֔וֹן וַיִּזְעֲק֨וּ הָֽעֶקְרֹנִ֜ים לֵאמֹ֗ר הֵסַ֤בּוּ אֵלַי֙ אֶת־אֲרוֹן֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לַהֲמִיתֵ֖נִי וְאֶת־עַמִּֽי׃ 11 וַיִּשְׁלְח֨וּ וַיַּאַסְפ֜וּ אֶת־כָּל־סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ שַׁלְּח֞וּ אֶת־אֲר֨וֹן אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְיָשֹׁ֣ב לִמְקֹמ֔וֹ וְלֹֽא־יָמִ֥ית אֹתִ֖י וְאֶת־עַמִּ֑י כִּֽי־הָיְתָ֤ה מְהֽוּמַת־מָ֙וֶת֙ בְּכָל־הָעִ֔יר כָּבְדָ֥ה מְאֹ֛ד יַ֥ד הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים שָֽׁם׃ 12 וְהָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־מֵ֔תוּ הֻכּ֖וּ [בָּעֳפָלִים] וַתַּ֛עַל שַֽׁוְעַ֥ת הָעִ֖יר הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃

Vocabulary

Verse 9

            מהומה  noun: “confusion” (BDB, 223)

            נכה  verb (Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect 3ms): “smite”

            שֹתר  verb: “break out” (BDB, 979)

            עפל  “hemorrhoid” (BDB, 779)

Syntax & Miscellaneous

  • The 3ms suffix, אֹת֗וֹ, refers to the ark of the Lord.
  • The beth preposition is adversative, “against.”
  • The noun phrase, מְהוּמָה֙ גְּדוֹלָ֣ה מְאֹ֔ד, is functioning adverbially.
  • The final he of נכה apocopates with the waw-consecutive to for the form וַיַּךְ֙.
  • Qere: טְחֹרִֽים “tumors” (cf. verse 6).

Vocabulary

Verse 10

            עקרון  name (of place): “Ekron”

            זעק  verb: “cry out”

            מות  verb (Hiphil infinitive construct with 1cs suffix): “kill”

Verse 11

            אסף  verb: “assemble”

            סרן  “lord” (BDB, 710)

            מהומה  noun: “confusion” (BDB, 223)

Verse 12

            עפל  “hemorrhoid” (BDB, 779)

        שׁועה  noun: “cry for help” (BDB, 1003)

            עלה  verb: “go up, ascend [to the heavens]”

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 10

  • The sequencing of ויהי plus the kaf preposition and waw is understood as “When…then…”
  • The infinitive, לֵאמֹ֗ר, marks a direct quotation.
  • The 1cs pronominal suffixes are used, לַהֲמִיתֵ֖נִי and עַמִּֽי, to refer to all who are speaking that is as a collective.

Verse 11

  • The asyndetic verbless clause, כָּבְדָ֥ה מְאֹ֛ד יַ֥ד הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים שָֽׁם, functions to explain the prior clause.

Verse 12

  • Further explaining, the narrator discontinues the story with a comment about the desperate situation.
  • The relative clause, אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־מֵ֔תוּ, describes the persons smitten with the disorder.
  • Qere: בַּטְּחֹרִ֑ים “tumors” (cf. v. 9).
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