Apr 12 2006

Exodus 5:15-19

Published by at 6:32 am under Exodus,Grammar

 וַיָּבֹ֗אוּ שֹֽׁטְרֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּצְעֲק֥וּ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר לָ֧מָּה תַעֲשֶׂ֦ה כֹ֖ה לַעֲבָדֶֽיךָ׃ 16 תֶּ֗בֶן אֵ֤ין נִתָּן֙ לַעֲבָדֶ֔יךָ וּלְבֵנִ֛ים אֹמְרִ֥ים לָ֖נוּ עֲשׂ֑וּ וְהִנֵּ֧ה עֲבָדֶ֛יךָ מֻכִּ֖ים וְחָטָ֥את עַמֶּֽךָ׃ 17 וַיֹּ֛אמֶר נִרְפִּ֥ים אַתֶּ֖ם נִרְפִּ֑ים עַל־כֵּן֙ אַתֶּ֣ם אֹֽמְרִ֔ים נֵלְכָ֖ה נִזְבְּחָ֥ה לַֽיהוָֽה׃ 18 וְעַתָּה֙ לְכ֣וּ עִבְד֔וּ וְתֶ֖בֶן לֹא־יִנָּתֵ֣ן לָכֶ֑ם וְתֹ֥כֶן לְבֵנִ֖ים תִּתֵּֽנּוּ׃ 19 וַיִּרְא֞וּ שֹֽׁטְרֵ֧י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֹתָ֖ם בְּרָ֣ע לֵאמֹ֑ר לֹא־תִגְרְע֥וּ מִלִּבְנֵיכֶ֖ם דְּבַר־י֥וֹם בְּיוֹמֽוֹ׃

Vocabulary

Verse 15

            שׁטר  “officer” (BDB, 1009)

            צעק  verb (Qal waw-consecutive imperfect 3mpl): “cry out”

Syntax & Miscellaneous

  • The verb, בוא, can refer to movement away (“go”) or movement to (“come”) a locality.
  • The adverb, כֹה, functions as a ::glossary(demonstrative):: referring to the previous actions of Pharaoh.

Vocabulary

Verse 16

            תבן  “straw” (BDB, 1061)

            לבנה  “brick” (BDB, 527)

            מכים  verb (Hophal participle mpl from נכה): “be beaten”

Verse 17

            רפה  verb (Niphal participle mpl): “be lazy” (BDB, 951)

            על־כן  “therefore”

Verse 18

            לבנה  “brick” (BDB, 527)

            תכן  “measurement, quota, capacity” (BDB, 1067)

            לבנה  noun: “brick” (BDB, 527)

Verse 19

            שׁטר  “officer” (BDB, 1009)

            גרע  verb: “diminish” (BDB, 175)

לבנה  noun: “brick” (BDB, 527)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 16

  • The first clause serves as an explanation of the wrong done to the Hebrews.  ::glossary(asyndeton,Asyndeton)::, the lack of a clause connector, indicates such an explanative clause.
  • Notice the highlighting of the first elements of the clauses— תבן“straw” and לבנה “brick.”
  • The direct speech marker, אֹמְרִ֥ים לָ֖נוּ, is interjected in the middle of the command: לְבֵנִ֛ים עֲשׂ֑וּ “Make bricks!”

Verse 17

  • The final quotation begins with נֵלְכָ֖ה, a cohortative form of הלך.

Verse 18

  • The object of the clause, תֶ֖בֶן, is ::glossary(fronting,fronted):: for emphasis (cf. verse 16).

Verse 19

  • The phrase, דְּבַר־י֥וֹם בְּיוֹמֽוֹ, serves as an ::glossary(idiom):: meaning “daily amount.”
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