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וַֽיַּעֲנ֔וּ אֶת־יְהֹושֻׁ֖עַ לֵאמֹ֑ר כֹּ֤ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוִּיתָ֙נוּ֙ נַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה וְאֶֽל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּשְׁלָחֵ֖נוּ נֵלֵֽךְ׃ 17 כְּכֹ֤ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁמַ֙עְנוּ֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה כֵּ֖ן נִשְׁמַ֣ע אֵלֶ֑יךָ רַ֠ק יִֽהְיֶ֞ה יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיָ֖ה עִם־מֹשֶֽׁה׃ 18 כָּל־אִ֞ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יַמְרֶ֣ה אֶת־פִּ֗יךָ וְלֹֽא־יִשְׁמַ֧ע אֶת־דְּבָרֶ֛יךָ לְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־תְּצַוֶּ֖נּוּ יוּמָ֑ת רַ֖ק חֲזַ֥ק וֶאֱמָֽץ׃ פ

Vocabulary

Verse 16

צִוִּיתָנוּ verb (Piel perfect 2ms with 2mpl pronominal suffix): “you commanded us”

Syntax & Miscellaneous

• The phrase, וְאֶֽל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר, can be understood as “and unto everywhere.”
• Clause division is difficult for the beginning student.  Some keys to finding the limits of a clause are:  (1) Look for the finite verbs (each clause will include at most one finite verb), (2)  Determine the grammatical function of each word in the clause (even if you do not know every word in the verse, you can recognize one as a verb and another as a noun), (3) Distinguish between prepositional phrases and basic clauses, (4) Watch for transitional words or phrases, (5) Use your knowledge of the accentual system to break up the verse structure, and (6) Diagram the grammatical structure, or sentence typology, of each verse (even though the verses are not always perfect indicators, let them help you in determining the limits of a clause(s)).

Verse 17

רק  “surely, only”   

Verse 18

מרה  verb: “be rebellious” (BDB, 598)

פה  noun: “mouth” (see note below)

אמץ  verb: “be strong, courageous” (BDB, 54)

Syntax & Misc.

Verse 17

• The word, אֲשֶׁר, is translated generally as “which.”  However, it can mark any type of relative clause: “who(m),” “which,” “that,” “what,” or “where.”  BDB describes it as a “sign of relation” (p. 81) that requires to be substituted in the clause with another word “defining its nature more precisely.”

Verse 18

• The word, פה “mouth,” can refer idiomatically to what comes forth from the mouth (i.e. commands). 

Examples:

Genesis 41:40 “You will be over my house, and according to your mouth/command all my people will do homage.”

אַתָּה֙ תִּהְיֶ֣ה עַל־בֵּיתִ֔י וְעַל־פִּ֖יךָ יִשַּׁ֣ק כָּל־עַמִּ֑י

1 Samuel 15:24 “I sinned for I have transgressed the LORD’s mouth/command and your words.”

חָטָ֔אתִי כִּֽי־עָבַ֥רְתִּי אֶת־פִּֽי־יְהוָ֖ה וְאֶת־דְּבָרֶ֑יךָ

Numbers 14:41 “Why, then, are you transgressing the LORD’s mouth/command?”

לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֛ה אַתֶּ֥ם עֹבְרִ֖ים אֶת־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה

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